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CANCER – CELLS GONE WILD!

CANCER – CELLS GONE WILD!. The summary color on the following slides is red ; vocabulary words are underlined!. Adapted from PPt by K a r ob i Mo i tr a (P h .D) NCI F r ede ri ck , NI H C ance r I n fl amma ti on Pr og r a m H uman Gene ti cs S ec ti on F r ede ri ck M D.

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CANCER – CELLS GONE WILD!

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  1. CANCER – CELLS GONE WILD! The summary color on the following slides is red; vocabulary words are underlined! Adapted from PPt by KarobiMoitra (Ph.D) NCI Frederick , NIH Cancer Inflammation Program Human Genetics SectionFrederick MD.

  2. Is cancerasingledisease or agroupof diseases?

  3. Cancer is agroupof related diseases which are characterized byuncontrolled cellular growth anddivision. Cell Suicide or Apoptosis Cell damage— no repair First Second Third Fourth or mutation mutation mutation later mutation

  4. Earliest Mention of Cancer 3000 BC The earliest written description of cancer known to exist is the Edwin Smith Papyrus. It describes eight cases of breast tumors or ulcers. Image http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/AncientEgyptianMummy-Antjau-CloseUp-ROM.png

  5. Origin of The Word “Cancer” The origin of theword canceris credited to the Greek physicianHippocrates(460–370 B.C.), consideredthe "Father of Medicine."Hippocrates used the termscarcinosand carcinomato describenon-ulcer forming and ulcer-forming tumors.InGreek, thesewords refer toacrab,mostlikely applied to the disease because the finger-like spreading projections froma cancer called to mind the shape ofa crab. The Roman physician,Celsus(28-50 B.C.),later translated the Greek term intocancer, the Latin word for crab. Galen (130-200 A.D.), another Roman physician, used thewordoncos (Greek for swelling) to describe tumors.Galen's termis now used asa part of the name forcancer specialists --oncologists.

  6. Canceris uncontrolled cell division; it may be caused by environmental factors and/or changes in enzyme production. Cancerous cellsdivide when theyshould notdivide andthey lackthe normal control systemsto shut off unwanted cell division.

  7. Celldeath= Cellgrowth Celldeath< Cellgrowth R

  8. In most cases, cancerformsacell mass calledatumor. Lung Carcinoma Image http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lung_cancer.jpg Breast Mammogram Image http://cdn.sheknows.com/filter/l/gallery/mammogram_breast_cancer_tumor.jpg R

  9. Benigntumor–hasrestrictedgrowthandtends toremainin one area.EX: wart. Malignanttumor- doesnotremainlocalizedbut invades othertissueandgivesriseto secondarytumorsinotherpartsof the body(metastasis). R

  10. Diagram of Metastasis R

  11. http://www.nature.com/nrc/journal/v4/n9/images/nrc1430-f3.jpghttp://www.nature.com/nrc/journal/v4/n9/images/nrc1430-f3.jpg R

  12. Causes of Cancer • Carcinogen - substances and exposures that can lead to • cancer • Radiation – including the sun • Alcohol • Engine exhaust • Tobacco Smoke • Certain chemicals • Cancer can also be caused by random mutation and exposure to certain viruses. R

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