1 / 37

Class Amphibia

http://www.mybitoftheplanet.com/2002/frogmar_files/. http://spongebob.ncsa.uiuc.edu/mike. Class Amphibia. Scaleless body Smooth or warty skin Larvae, adults distinct (exceptions). http://www.mybitoftheplanet.com/2002/. http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS/. http://www.utexas.edu/depts/tnhc/.

fletcher-kent
Télécharger la présentation

Class Amphibia

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. http://www.mybitoftheplanet.com/2002/frogmar_files/ http://spongebob.ncsa.uiuc.edu/mike Class Amphibia • Scaleless body • Smooth or warty skin • Larvae, adults distinct (exceptions) http://www.mybitoftheplanet.com/2002/ http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS/ http://www.utexas.edu/depts/tnhc/ http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS

  2. Larvae Gills* Herbivore/detritivores, predators Aquatic* *A few exceptions (plethodontid salamanders) Adults Lungs* Predators Aquatic or terrestrial *A few salamanders retain gills Class Amphibia

  3. Order Caudata, Family Ambystomatidae(Ambystoma tigrinum: tiger salamander) Identification: adult • Tail (Caudata) • Costal grooves (Ambystomatidae) • Yellow spots or blotches • Large (to 21 cm) http://biodiversity.wku.edu/salamanders/Salamander_Images / Illustration from Christoffel et al. 2001

  4. Ambystoma tigrinum: tiger salamander Identification: larva • External gills • Legs absent (early) or present (late) http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology

  5. Ambystoma tigrinum: tiger salamander Habitat • Adults near/in ponds, or underground • Larvae – ponds Food • Invertebrates, salamanders (adults and larvae) http://www.californiaherps.com/salamanders/

  6. Ambystoma tigrinum: tiger salamander Other • Egg mass in spring • Migrations precede breeding http://www4.ncsu.edu/~haddad/tigereggs.jpg http://www.batraciens.net/illustrations/

  7. Order Anura (frogs and toads) http://spongebob.ncsa.uiuc.edu/mike • Smooth or warty skin • Adult lacks tail (hops) • Larva with internal gills (legs during metamorphosis) http://www.utexas.edu/depts/tnhc/.www/biospeleology http://www.mybitoftheplanet.com/2002/frogmar_files/

  8. Family Bufonidae(Bufo americanus: American toad) http://spongebob.ncsa.uiuc.edu/mike Identification: adult • Paratoid glands • Warty skin • Call a long trill Illustration from Christoffel et al. 2001

  9. Bufo americanus: American toad http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS/ Identification: larva • Dark color • Eyes dorsal • Small (to 2.4 cm) http://www.learner.org/jnorth/images/graphics/

  10. Bufo americanus: American toad http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/ Habitat • Adults - ponds or dry areas • Larvae - ponds Food • Adults - invertebrates • Larvae - algivores/detritivores

  11. Bufo americanus: American toad http://www.uri.edu/cels/nrs/paton/toad/ Other • Eggs in strings • Antipredator defenses - toxin (paratoid glands), urinating, puffing (garter snakes) http://www.visualsunlimited.com/images/watermarked/301/301530.jpg

  12. Order Anura, Family Hylidae(Pseudacris triseriata: western chorus frog) http://snr.unl.edu/herpneb/images/ Identification: adult • Stripes (variable, broken) • Smooth skin • Small (to 3.9 cm) • Call – finger along comb http://www.herpjournal.com/

  13. Pseudacris triseriata: western chorus frog Identification: larva • Eyes lateral • Tail fin rises above body • Little pigment on fin • Dorsal tail musculature dark • To 3.7 cm long http://www.fs.fed.us/r4/amphibians/images/ Illustration from Conant and Collins 1991 http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/tadpole/psestr2t.jpg

  14. Pseudacris triseriata: western chorus frog http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/amphibians Habitat • Adults - wetland margins, ditches • Larvae - ephemeral to permanent wetlands Food • Adults - small invertebrates • Larvae - algae

  15. Pseudacris triseriata: western chorus frog Other • Very common, tolerates disturbance • Early breeder (March) • Larvae develop quickly (2-2.5 months) http://www.cortland.edu/herp/keys/images

  16. Order Anura, Family Hylidae(Pseudacris crucifer: spring peeper) Identification: adult • X on back • Wide suction cups • Smooth skin • To 3.2 cm • Call – birdlike peeps, jingling bells (chorus) http://www.bio.sdsu.edu/pub/tod/herpetology/anurans/

  17. Pseudacris crucifer: spring peeper Identification: larva • Eyes lateral • Fin may rise above body • Fin generally clear, musculature unpigmented • To 3.4 cm http://gruagach.home.mindspring.com/tadpoles/pseudacris.crucifer.t.jpg

  18. Pseudacris crucifer: spring peeper Habitat • Adult - wooded areas, edges; low vegetation or on ground • Larvae - wooded wetlands Diet • Adults - invertebrates • Larvae - algae, detritus

  19. Pseudacris crucifer: spring peeper http://www.cortland.edu/herp/keys/images/frogs/pcrucilg.jpg Other • Breed April – May • Single egg attached to structure • Larvae morph 2-3 months • Central IA is western extent of range Eggs http://www.cmnh.org/collections/vertzoo/frogs/fig15.gif

  20. Order Anura, Family Hylidae(Hyla versicolor and Hyla chrysoscelis: gray treefrog) Identification: adult • Gray to green • White spot below eye • Inner legs orange • Warty skin • Wide suction cups • To 5.1 cm • Call a trill (slow to fast) http://www.duke.edu/~cwcook/pix/gtf1378.jpg

  21. Hyla versicolor/chrysoscelis:gray treefrog http://www.uri.edu/cels/nrs/paton/LH_treefrog.html Identification: larva • Red, tapered tail • High tail fin • To 3 cm http://wwknapp.home.mindspring.com/docs/gray.tfrogs.html Illustration from Conant and Collins (1991)

  22. Hyla versicolor/chrysoscelis: gray treefrog http://www.kbs.msu.edu/ACWA/natres/ Habitat • Adult - arboreal; on ground during breeding • Larvae - wetlands Food • Adults - invertebrates (grab flying insects from air) • Larvae – algae, detritus

  23. Hyla versicolor/chrysoscelis: gray treefrog Other • Breed May-July • Overwinter under objects (glycerol in blood prevents freezing) • Individuals change color

  24. Order Anura, Family Hylidae(Acris crepitans: cricket frog) Identification: adult • Somewhat warty • Triangle often on head • To 3.8 cm • Call – clicking marbles http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/mc/services/dep/herps/photos/

  25. Acris crepitans: cricket frog Identification: larva • Tail tip usually black • Tail dorsal musculature with black bands • To 4.4 cm http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS/coastal%20plain%20cricket%20frog%20tadpole.jpg Illustration from Conant and Collins 1991

  26. Acris crepitans: cricket frog Habitat • Adults - prefer permanent water bodies • Larvae - in water near adults Food • Adults - tiny insects • Larvae - algae http://www.duke.edu/~cwcook/pix/

  27. Acris crepitans: cricket frog Other • Hop into water, return to water edge • Breed March-April • Larvae metamorphose 7 weeks • Declining in northern states, northern IA

  28. Order Anura, Family Ranidae(Rana catesbeiana: bullfrog) Identification: adult • Large (to > 15 cm) • Green to brown body • No dorsolateral ridge • Call – “rumm” http://frogphotos.home.mindspring.com/photos/bullfrog1.jpg Christoffel et al. 2000

  29. Rana catesbeiana: bullfrog Identification: larva • Greenish, large (to > 16 cm) • Black dots http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/c1258_Dodd/circ1258_plates_20b.jpg http://www.samford.edu/schools/artsci/biology/vertzoo-03s/pages/37.htm

  30. Rana catesbeiana: bullfrog http://www.batraciens-reptiles.com/rana_catesbeiana.jpg Habitat • Permanent water bodies (lakes, ponds, rivers) Food • Adults - invertebrates and vertebrates (incl. frogs) • Larvae - macroscopic algae, plants

  31. Rana catesbeiana: bullfrog http://www.hawthornevalleyfarm.org/fep/amphibia/bullfrog%20tadpole.jpg Other • Breed June-July • Large egg mass • Larvae metamorphose in 2 yrs. • Exotic in central IA – threaten native amphibians

  32. Order Anura, Family Ranidae(Rana pipiens: northern leopard frog) Identification: adult • Spots (rarely unspotted) • Dorsolateral ridge • To 9 cm • Call – long snore, grunts http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/images/Frogs_Toads/

  33. Rana pipiens: northern leopard frog Identification: larva • To 8.5 cm • Flecks (not dots) http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/c1258_Dodd/circ1258_plates_22a.jpg Illustration from Conant and Collins 1991

  34. Rana pipiens: northern leopard frog http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/ Habitat • Permanent waters • Disperse widely (often far from water) Food • Adults – invertebrates • Larvae – algae, plants, detritus Unspotted form http://www.denniskalma.com/rana%20pipiens.jpg

  35. Rana pipiens: northern leopard frog Other • Breed March-April • Spherical/elliptical egg mass • Larvae metamorphose 3 months • Absorbs water transcutaneously • Declining – habitat loss (incl. road kills), water pollution (chemicals), UV light(?) http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/ http://www.amphibiaweb.org/aw/images/leopardpieterjohnson.jpg

More Related