Chapter 7, lesson 2

1. Chapter 7, lesson 2 ACOS #5b: Identify reasons for the French and Indian War. ACOS #5c: Describe the impact of the French and Indian War on the settlement of the colonies. ACOS #7: Identify events leading to the American Revolution, including the French and Indian War, the Stamp Act, the Intolerable Acts, the Boston Massacre, and the Boston Tea Party. ACOS #8: Identify major events of the American Revolution, including the Battles of Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, and Yorktown.

2. Britain Needs Money • The French & Indian War had cost Britain a lot of money • Britain paid their soldiers to fight in the war and continued to pay them to stay in the Ohio area. • King George III (and Parliament) decided the colonists should help pay for the war. • Britain planned to raise money by collecting taxes from the colonists

3. Taxes • In 1764 Britain created the Sugar Act which taxed sugar and other goods such as coffee and cloth. Some merchants avoided paying the tax by smuggling goods in illegally, so officials could not tax them. • In 1765 Britain created the Stamp Act which taxed anything printed on paper. • Colonists were upset about these taxes because they had no representatives in Parliament to speak for them. They could not take part in passing these new laws. This is called “Taxation without representation.” (test question)

4. Colonists were upset about the taxes • Patrick Henry, a member of Virginia’s House of Burgesses, made an angry speech about how Britain was being unfair • Colonists formed the ‘Sons of Liberty’ to protest the unfair taxes. • Samuel Adams, a member of the Sons of Liberty, formed protests against the taxes • Some colonists resorted to violence, wrecking British officials’ homes and beat up tax collectors.

5. Conflict Over Taxes • Stamp Act Congress: colonies sent representatives to a meeting and they decided that only the colonial government could tax the colonists (this is on the test). • Merchants boycotted buying and selling British goods in order to hurt British trade. • Britain repealed (stopped), the Stamp Act in 1766 but created another tax. • In 1767, Britain created the Townshend Acts which levied taxes on tea, glass, lead, paints, and paper. • Colonists again threatened violence against British tax officials. After an angry mob injured several people, Britain sent soldiers to protect its tax officials. The people in Boston were angry about soldiers being in their city.

6. Daughters of Liberty • Colonists boycotted British goods. • The Daughters of Liberty wove their own cloth and made clothes. • British merchants lost money during the boycott. • Britain removed all taxes except those on tea. They kept the tax on tea to prove they could still tax the colonies (test question). • Colonists’ anger toward Great Britain continued to grow.

7. Daughters of Liberty Daughters of Liberty Video

8. Lesson Summary Britain taxed the colonists to pay the cost of the French and Indian War. Colonists did not want to be taxed without representation. Protests by colonists forced Britain to repeal the taxes (stop them). American colonists wanted only their own elected representatives to pass taxes on them. This idea is important to people in the United States today.

9. Vocabulary Review: Lesson 2 tax Money people give their government in return for services smuggling To import goods illegally Another word for freedom. Freedom from being controlled by another government liberty A gathering of people to show disapproval of something. An event about which people complain about an issue. protest To refuse to buy, sell, or use goods as a way of protesting boycott To cancel a law repeal

10. Vocabulary Review: Lesson 1 a person or group that joins with another to work toward a goal ally congress a group of representatives who meet to discuss a subject A fight against a government rebellion proclamation an official public statement