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This paper by Tracy Gardner explores the evolution of independent musical subcultures, focusing on how audio subcultures transcend mere sound to reflect broader aesthetics and ideologies. It questions the effectiveness of these subcultures in resisting hegemonic norms, arguing that they often rely on the same production and discourse they seek to oppose. The case study of Riot Grrrl illustrates how quickly such movements can be appropriated by mainstream culture due to their dependence on existing structural methods of production.
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Gender, Race, and Rock n’ Roll: Independent Musical Subcultures in a Neoliberal Context Tracy Gardner tlgardne@uci.edu
Driving Questions: How did we go from this:
Audio subcultures transcend their sound properties to encompass aesthetics and technologies that indicate an underlying ideology. In this paper I argue that audio subcultures do not provide opposition to hegemonic norms because they rely on the very production of capital and discourse that they claim to resist. Riot Grrrl was unsuccessful and so quickly re appropriated into the hegemonic main stream because of the structural methods of production from which it relied.