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Democracy in The Constitution

Democracy in The Constitution. “We must take human nature as we find it. Perfection falls not to the share of mortals.”. George Washington.

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Democracy in The Constitution

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  1. Democracy in The Constitution

  2. “We must take human nature as we find it. Perfection falls not to the share of mortals.” George Washington

  3. “Human nature is the same on every side of the Atlantic, and will be alike influenced by the same causes. The time to guard against corruption and tyranny, is before they shall have gotten hold on us.” Thomas Jefferson

  4. “Why has government been instituted at all? Because the passions of men will not conform to the dictates of reason and justice, without constraint. Alexander Hamilton

  5. “Why has government been instituted at all? Because the passions of men will not conform to the dictates of reason and justice, without constraint. Has it been found that bodies of men act with more rectitude or greater disinterestedness than individuals? The contrary of this has been inferred by all accurate observers of the conduct of mankind; and the inference is founded upon obvious reasons. Regard to reputation has a less active influence, when the infamy of a bad action is to be divided among a number than when it is to fall singly upon one.” Alexander Hamilton

  6. “If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. James Madison

  7. “If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself. James Madison

  8. “If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself. A dependence on the people is, no doubt, the primary control on the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity of auxiliary precautions.” James Madison

  9. “As there is a degree of depravity in mankind which requires a certain degree of circumspection and distrust: So there are other qualities in human nature, which justify a certain portion of esteem and confidence. James Madison

  10. “As there is a degree of depravity in mankind which requires a certain degree of circumspection and distrust: So there are other qualities in human nature, which justify a certain portion of esteem and confidence. Republican government presupposes the existence of these qualities in a higher degree than any other form.” James Madison

  11. “Were the pictures which have been drawn by the political jealousy of some among us faithful likenesses of the human character, the inference would be that there is not sufficient virtue among men for self-government; and that nothing less than the chains of despotism can restrain them from destroying and devouring one another.” James Madison

  12. The Founders v. The Progressives Founders Progressives Man’s Nature Fallen, High Potential No Virtue, Selfish Dependent Upon God & Morality Government Positive Force if Not Used to Infringe on Others’ Rights Must Be Eliminated and Replaced w/ Public Interest Man’s Self-Interest Rights Are Based Individually Collectively Rule of . . . Law The Elite Proper Role of Government Provide for Needs & Wants (Positive Force) Protect Individual Rights (Negative Force) Legitimate Laws Uphold Natural Law Change Man’s Nature Ultimate Goal Freedom and Prosperity Utopia – No Self Interest

  13. What We Will Cover: • Definitions Regarding Different Forms of Government • The Founders’ View on Democracy • The Actual Words of The Constitution in Regards to Our Republican Form of Government • Modern Day Abuses of Democracy • Brief Discussion About What We Can Do About It

  14. Economic Systems Communism Socialism Fascism Capitalism Ownership of Capital (control and use) State Individual

  15. Governmental Systems Monarchy Oligarchy Democracy Republic Anarchy Government Power 100% 0%

  16. “Democracy never lasts long. It soon wastes, exhausts, and murders itself. There was never a democracy that ‘did not commit suicide.’” John Adams

  17. “. . . Democracies have ever been spectacles of turbulence and contention; have ever been found incompatible with personal security, or the rights of property; and in general been as short in their lives as they are violent in their deaths.” James Madison

  18. Governmental Systems Oligarchy Democracy Republic Anarchy Government Power 100% 0%

  19. Philosophical Systems Collectivism Individualism Rights and Duties Individual State

  20. Philosophical Individualism Collectivism Communism Economical Capitalism Oligarchy Governmental Republic LIBERTY TYRANNY Ownership, Power, and Rights Individual State

  21. Definition of Democracy • “A government of the masses. Authority derived through mass meeting or any other form of ‘direct expression.’ Results in mobocracy. Attitude toward property is communistic – negating property rights. Attitude of the law is that the will of the majority shall regulate, whether it be based upon deliberation or governed by passion, prejudice, and impulse, without restraint or regard to consequences. Results in demogogism, license, agitation, discontent, anarchy.” • The framers of the Constitution “. . . made a very marked distinction between a republic and a democracy . . . and said repeatedly and emphatically that they had formed a republic.”

  22. Definition of Democracy In 1952, The U.S. Army’s, The Soldier’s Guide stated: “Because the United States is a democracy, the majority of the people decide how our Government will be organized and run . . .”

  23. “It has been observed that a pure democracy if it were practicable would be the most perfect government. Experience has proved that no position is more false than this. The ancient democracies in which the people themselves deliberated never possessed one good feature of government. Their very character was tyranny; their figure deformity.” Alexander Hamilton

  24. “We are now forming a Republican form of government. Real liberty is not found in the extremes of democracy, but in moderate governments. If we incline too much to democracy, we shall soon shoot into a monarchy, or some other form of dictatorship.” Alexander Hamilton

  25. “We want more socialism and, therefore, more democracy.” Mikhail Gorbachev “The democratic revolution is the necessary preparation for the socialist revolution, and the socialist revolution is the inevitable sequel to the democratic revolution.” Mao Tse-Tung “. . . the first step in the revolution . . . [is] to win the battle of democracy.” Karl Marx

  26. “Democracy is bound by no principle of its own nature to say itself nay as to the exercise of any power. Woodrow Wilson

  27. “Democracy is bound by no principle of its own nature to say itself nay as to the exercise of any power. Here, then, lies the point. The difference between democracy and socialism is not an essential difference, but only a practical difference — is a difference of organization and policy, not a difference of primary motive.” Woodrow Wilson

  28. The Declaration of Independence

  29. The Declaration of Independence “We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

  30. The Declaration of Independence “We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men,

  31. The Declaration of Independence “We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed”

  32. The Supremacy Clause Article VI “This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof . . . shall be the supreme law of the land.”

  33. The Preamble to The Constitution of the United States “We the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”

  34. The Preamble to The Constitution of the United States “We the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”

  35. Amendment Process Article V “The Congress, whenever two thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution . . .” “when ratified by the Legislatures [or by Convention] in three fourths of the several states . . .”

  36. "The Constitution, which at any time exists, 'till changed by an explicit and authentic act of the whole People, is sacredly obligatory upon all." George Washington

  37. States Guaranteed a Republican Form of Government Article IV, Section 4, Clause 1 “The United States shall guarantee to every state in this union a Republican form of government . . .”

  38. “We may define a republic to be . . . a government which derives all its powers directly or indirectly from the great body of the people . . . James Madison

  39. “We may define a republic to be . . . a government which derives all its powers directly or indirectly from the great body of the people . . . for a limited period, or during good behavior. James Madison

  40. “We may define a republic to be . . . a government which derives all its powers directly or indirectly from the great body of the people . . . for a limited period, or during good behavior. It is essential to such a government that it be derived from the great body of the society, not from an inconsiderable proportion, or a favored class of it; James Madison

  41. “We may define a republic to be . . . a government which derives all its powers directly or indirectly from the great body of the people . . . for a limited period, or during good behavior. It is essential to such a government that it be derived from the great body of the society, not from an inconsiderable proportion, or a favored class of it; It is sufficient for such a government that the persons administering it be appointed, either directly or indirectly, by the people . . .” James Madison

  42. “ . . . In a democracy, the people meet and exercise the government in person; in a republic, they assemble and administer it by their representatives and agents.”. James Madison

  43. The House: Representatives of the People in Each State Article I, Section 2, Clause 1 “The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states . . .”

  44. The House: Representatives of the People in Each State Article I, Section 2, Clause 1 “The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states . . .”

  45. The House: Representatives of the People in Each State Article I, Section 2, Clause 1 “The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states . . .”

  46. The House: Representation According to Respective Numbers Article I, Section 2, Clause 3 “Representatives . . . shall be apportioned among the several states which may be included in this union, according to their respective numbers . . .”

  47. The Senate: Equal Representation for Each State Article I, Section 3, Clause 1 “The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each state . . . for six years . . .”

  48. The Senate: Equal Representation for Each State Article I, Section 3, Clause 1 “The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each state . . . for six years . . .”

  49. It is a misfortune incident to republican government . . . that those who administer it may forget their obligations to their constituents, and prove unfaithful to their important trust. In this point of view, a senate, as a second branch of the legislative assembly, distinct from, and dividing the power with, a first, must be in all cases a salutary check on the government. It doubles the security to the people, by requiring the concurrence of two distinct bodies in schemes of usurpation or perfidy, where the ambition or corruption of one would otherwise be sufficient.” James Madison

  50. The Senate: Equal Representation for Each State Article I, Section 3, Clause 1 “The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each state . . . for six years . . .”

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