Mobile Devices Case

1. Mobile Devices Case/ p 71What are some of the benefits that organizations could realize by connecting all of their employees by mobile devices? Provide “time” and “place” flexibility Mobile sale forces could do product demonstrations, check inventory and place orders online real time while at the customer location. Reduction of the time needed to locate other employees, especially when they are off-site. Keep employees abreast of any important news when away on travel (conferences, meetings, presentations). Increased available productive time, as constant connectivity allows for activities to be performed anytime anyplace.

2. Are the CIOs in the case saying that ROI is not important when deploying mobile computing devices? the estimated benefits obtained by the adoption of these communication devices are large enough that outweigh cost considerations and thus displace formal ROI analyses and concerns. This is what many have called “value” analysis which compares values to benefits as opposed to “cost” to benefits.

3. Blackberry popularity? Single and integrated device for voice and data communications Push technology – data is routed to the user rather than retrieved by the user Operates in several different networks and countries It is possible to view email attachments Design features: high-resolution color display, long battery life, improved keyboard, etc. Integrated connectivity applications (SMS, browser, organizer)

4. Computer Software Notes go here!Notes go here!

5. Learning Objectives Describe several important trends occurring in computer software. Give examples of major types of application and system software. Explain the purpose of several popular software packages for end user productivity and collaborative computing. Define and describe the functions of an operating system. Describe the main uses of computer programming software, tools, and languages

6. Software A single program or a collection of programs which performs many task and/or system related functions Two types of software: Application System

7. Application Software Personal Information Manager Groupware Organizational Inter-organizational

8. Personal Information Manager and Groupware Personal Information Manager (PIM) Software for end user productivity and collaboration Store information about clients, schedules, manage appointments, manage tasks E.g., Lotus Organizer, Microsoft Outlook Groupware Software that helps workgroups collaborate on group assignments E-mail, discussion groups, databases, videoconferencing E.g., Lotus Notes, Novell GroupWise, Microsoft Exchange

9. Organizational & Inter-organizational Organizational They assist typical organazational tasks Payroll, TPS ERP,CRM Web-based management systems Inter-organizational They provide links or cooperation between organizations B2B system EDI, SCM

10. Software development Custom software Software applications that are developed within an organization for use by that organization COTS software Commercial Off-the-shelf (COTS) Classify based on how it was developed Software developed with the intention of selling the software in multiple copies Outsourced software Custom software: organization has full control on specifications, functionality, ownership COTS: generally no control Software is sold, leased or licensedCustom software: organization has full control on specifications, functionality, ownership COTS: generally no control Software is sold, leased or licensed

11. Software Development Selection Why would you choose ? Custom (in source) COTS (off-the-shelf) outsourced?

12. General-PurposeApplication Programs Software Suites and Integrated Packages Compare and contrast software suites from integrated packages Show how each competitive package seeks to meet the respective computing needs of users. Some history on the evolution of the industry, its consolidation, mergers, and failures can offer significant insight into the reasons why the marketplace sees its investment in Microsoft’s products is a dependable one. As a result, the Microsoft package completely dominates the field – regardless of the goodness of competitive products or their lower prices. Compare and contrast software suites from integrated packages Show how each competitive package seeks to meet the respective computing needs of users. Some history on the evolution of the industry, its consolidation, mergers, and failures can offer significant insight into the reasons why the marketplace sees its investment in Microsoft’s products is a dependable one. As a result, the Microsoft package completely dominates the field – regardless of the goodness of competitive products or their lower prices.

13. Electronic Spreadsheets and Presentation Graphics Electronic Spreadsheets Worksheet of rows and columns Used for calculations and charts E.g., Lotus 1-2-3, Microsoft Excel, Corel QuattroPro Presentation Graphics Convert numeric data into graphics displays Prepare multimedia presentations including graphics, photos, animation, and video clips E.g., Microsoft PowerPoint, Lotus Freelance, Corel Presentations

14. General-PurposeApplication Programs Web Browsers Electronic Mail and Instant Messaging (IM) Word Processing and Desktop Publishing Electronic Spreadsheets Database Management Presentation Graphics Personal Information Managers Groupware – Collaboration Software Describe the use of Web browsers – the nature of the competitive market for what is essentially a “free” good. Trace Web navigation’s history – How Netscape grew from Government research at the NCSC and its general failure in an effort to seek to put a market price on the Mosaic product that is still being freely distributed. AOL’s failure to do likewise gave rise to the call for activist judges and politicians to seek antitrust action against Microsoft for its inclusion of IE into the operating system family of programs – all ended in essentially a failure to cut Microsoft’s dominance. Describe the use of Web browsers – the nature of the competitive market for what is essentially a “free” good. Trace Web navigation’s history – How Netscape grew from Government research at the NCSC and its general failure in an effort to seek to put a market price on the Mosaic product that is still being freely distributed. AOL’s failure to do likewise gave rise to the call for activist judges and politicians to seek antitrust action against Microsoft for its inclusion of IE into the operating system family of programs – all ended in essentially a failure to cut Microsoft’s dominance.

15. General-PurposeApplication Programs Application Service Providers (ASPs) Discuss the use of application service providers (ASPs) as an alternative to the cost associated with purchasing and maintaining software. Many firms exist that provide software directed toward problem resolution as opposed to generic applications-for example, the Salesforce.com ASP site. Discuss the use of application service providers (ASPs) as an alternative to the cost associated with purchasing and maintaining software. Many firms exist that provide software directed toward problem resolution as opposed to generic applications-for example, the Salesforce.com ASP site.

16. System Software:Computer System Management Software Interface Between End Users and Computers PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK The model demonstrates the relationship between end users and the computer hardware by way of its respective software applications.PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK The model demonstrates the relationship between end users and the computer hardware by way of its respective software applications.

17. System Software Operating Systems Utility software Network Software

18. Operating Systems The User Interface Command-Driven Menu-Driven Graphical User Interface Lead a discussion on the alternative kinds of user interfaces. A bit of history into the evolution of the GUI is usually interesting to new students. Lead a discussion on the alternative kinds of user interfaces. A bit of history into the evolution of the GUI is usually interesting to new students.

19. OS contain two parts Supervisory Stays in main memory Transient Can be swapped back and forth from secondary memory

20. Operating Systems PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK Operating Systems are broken down into the four primary roles or duties that they perform.PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK Operating Systems are broken down into the four primary roles or duties that they perform.

21. Operating Systems Compare and contrast alternative Windows based Operating Systems. Some history of the evolution of the environment usually adds interest to the discussion.Compare and contrast alternative Windows based Operating Systems. Some history of the evolution of the environment usually adds interest to the discussion.

22. Popular Operating Systems Windows GUI, multitasking, networking, multimedia Microsoft’s operating system Different versions manage servers Vista Windows XP Windows NT Windows Server 2003 Windows 2000 Unix Multitasking, multiuser, network-managing Portable – can run on mainframes, midrange and PCs Solaris by Sun AIX by IBM

23. Popular Operating Systems Linux Low-cost, powerful reliable Unix-like operating system Open-source Free Freeware Novell SUSE Linux Red Hat VA Linux MAC OS X Apple operating system for the iMac GUI, multitasking, multimedia

24. Programming Languages Explain programming languages and discuss the examples above in machine and assembler languages. Explain the advantages of each. Explain programming languages and discuss the examples above in machine and assembler languages. Explain the advantages of each.

25. Programming Languages Describe the high level and fourth generation languages shown above. Explain how higher level languages are designed to approach the natural human interface. Describe the high level and fourth generation languages shown above. Explain how higher level languages are designed to approach the natural human interface.

26. Objects What are objects? Is a “complete” unit including data and procedures

27. Programming Languages PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK Use the above text graphic to explain how each activity is handled as an object in object oriented languages. PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK Use the above text graphic to explain how each activity is handled as an object in object oriented languages.

28. Object-orientedProgramming Languages Discuss the evolution of Web programming languages since the advent of HTML. Explain the role that platform independent plays in the popular evolution of newer programming languages, JAVA is just one example.Discuss the evolution of Web programming languages since the advent of HTML. Explain the role that platform independent plays in the popular evolution of newer programming languages, JAVA is just one example.

29. Language Translator Programs Translate instructions written in programming languages into machine language Assembler translates assembler language statements Compiler translates high-level language statements Interpreter compiler that translates and executes each statement in a program one at a time Assemblers and Compilers translate an entire program at once. Java applets can be interpreted and executed on-the-flyAssemblers and Compilers translate an entire program at once. Java applets can be interpreted and executed on-the-fly

30. Errors (Bugs) Logical Syntax Execution

31. E-mail, Instant Messaging and Weblogs E-mail Software to communicate by sending and receiving messages and attachments via the Internet, intranet or extranet Instant messaging (IM) Receive electronic messages instantly Weblog or blog A personal website in dated log format Updated with new information about a subject or range of subjects Myspace

32. Programming Languages The text chart taken from Computer World magazine compares the J2EE and .Net and .Net Environments, citing real advantages and disadvantages of each. The text chart taken from Computer World magazine compares the J2EE and .Net and .Net Environments, citing real advantages and disadvantages of each.

33. Program Development Process Determine Program specs Work with users I/O layout Processing requirements Use Program Planning Tools Analyze the problem using Flow Charts Pseudo code Structured charts CASE tools

34. Programming Development Process Code and enter Program Code program’s logic into programming language Compile the program Test for errors (syntax, run execution) Test the program for correctness (GIGO) Processing Robustness Documentation

35. FLOW CHARTS Symbolic representation of program’s logic Pre defined symbols are used to analyze program’s logic

36. Programming Logic Sequence Selection Looping (Iteration)

37. Develop program logic of withdrawing cash from ATM machine

38. Programming Languages PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK The animated graphic above demonstrates the steps through which a Web services application is able to meet the needs of a client using the Internet.PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK The animated graphic above demonstrates the steps through which a Web services application is able to meet the needs of a client using the Internet.

39. Case 2/p128

40. 1. What are the business benefits of adopting open-source software? Benefits include: reduced cost of purchase, less chance of obsolescence, broader access to technical support, lower cost of upgrade.

41. 2. What are the risks associated with open-source software? How can these risks be addressed? Risks include: potential abandonment of standard, loss of liability shift to software vendor, lack of quality technical support.

42. 3. Do you see open-source software eventually replacing the current proprietary software model?

43. Mini Case 1: Delta, Lufthansa etc.. Computer system technologies and functions that are included with self-service kiosks are Networked special purpose microcomputer terminals, which include video touch screens as the user interface, along with a built in High speed thermal printer for flight itineraries and boarding passes. A magnetic stripe card reader that is used to read customers airline and credit cards. Connected to credit companies and bank’s databases Integrated with airline’s internal application system

44. Delta, Northwest cont Possible other technologies Connect with federal databases for customer identification Speech recognition devices Pen-based handwriting recognition features Wireless links for travels with PDAs and Internet-enabled cellular and PCS phones. Image recognition. Identification recognition (fingerprints etc.)

45. The customer value of self service kiosks for airline check-ins is: Customer More Control Upgrades Seat selection Change flights/seat Check baggage Stand by Less people interaction – for the introverted/misanthropic the reduction in face-to-face interaction can sometimes be beneficial Time savings Convenience Family check-ins Pay by credit card any upgrade/change etc.

46. Possible other services Gate readers to update itineraries and boarding passes for connecting passengers whose second flight was changed or cancelled due to weather or other delays. International documentation, facilitation and fee collection. Thump print recognition Cancel reservations and be credited or debited automatically For international flights provide foreign ATM connections Provide initial or supplement security screening using retina scans and marking boarding cards Provide “alerts” on customer’s mobile for flight boarding (especially if they are missing or sleeping) Connect to hotels to allow hotel check ins Connect to car rental agencies for car rental agreementsMore specialized kiosks to allow travelers opportunity to handle future travel plans, adjustments as schedules change and other accommodations upon arrival at a destination. Automatic update mileage etc.

47. The business value of self service kiosks in the airline industry is the fact that Importance of JAD (joint application Development), how technical and business team can work together and complement each other and arrive at “solutions” A win-win situation for both customers and businesses Creation of a whole “new” platform on which to provide additional products/services that can provide strategic advantages Help the bottom line Economy of scales---Strategic partnership with other airlines for check-ins just like ORBITZ, TRAVELOCITY etc Enhance customer goodwill (satisfied customer)

48. Still a strategic advantage? Maybe, not any more Kiosk were competitive advantages when they started probably around 2002. Airlines offered miles to customers to use kiosk but now they are a necessity. Many airlines still can not afford it However, Continuous improvements can still provide competitive advantage Continuous improvement and streamlining of traveler check-in activities, especially after Sept. 11, will always be provide advantage. A reduction of costs or a reduction in the increase in costs in a highly competitive industry will always provide advantage. Continuous enhancement of customer goodwill will always be strategic: Online entertainment (casino, massage, card games etc..) may provide some advantage, especially on international flights Alter customer arrival to their home/business