Zonta International

1. Zonta International PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV and GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE In Rwanda

2. Zonta International • In 1994, Rwanda’s population of 7 million was composed of three ethnic groups, Hutu (85%), Tutsi (14%) and Twa (1%). • In the early 1990s, Hutu extremists within Rwanda’s political elite blamed the entire Tutsi minority population for the country’s increasing social, economic and political problems.

3. Zonta International • In 1994, the Rwandan genocide exploded after the plane which carried President Habyarimana, a Hutu, was shot down. • Under the cover of war, Hutu extremists launched the Rwandan genocide targeting the extinction of the Tutsi people. • The Hutu government intended to unite the Hutu people after brutalizing close to a million people.

4. Zonta International The civil war and genocidal government ended when the Tutsi rebel group, the RFP, defeated the Hutu regime and President Paul Kagame took control

5. Zonta International 16 Years After the Genocide Rwanda still had Critical Issues Impeding it’s Development

6. Zonta International Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS

7. Zonta International Gender-Based Violence

8. Zonta International After the genocide and war, Rwanda was largely a country of vulnerable women and children. Rwanda has one of the world’s highest concentration of orphans due to the genocide and deaths of HIV-positive women.

9. Zonta International Critical Issues • Treating HIV positive women • Preventing transmission of the virus to their offspring • Giving women healthcare and reproductive health services in a war torn country with a broken healthcare system • Preventing and responding to the violence stemming from the brutalization of the society

10. Zonta International • The consequence of domestic and gender-based violence can span generations. • The effects of violent behavior stay with children long after childhood. • Insufficient medical, psychosocial and legal care creates lifelong physical and mental trauma for survivors.

11. Zonta International In response to these urgent needsof the mothers and children of RwandaZONTA INTERNATIONALin cooperation with the UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN’S FUND will provide $500,000 to PREVENT MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV and GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE

12. Zonta International Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS • Responding to the needs of HIV positive women • Prevention of transmitting the virus to their offspring during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding • Providing access to health care and reproductive health services to women

13. Zonta International Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS Support • Rwanda has achieved progress in preventing the mother-to-child transmission of the virus, but the rate of infection is still high. • Recently improved anti-retroviral programs and early infant diagnosis should lower the infection rate. • Following those improved virus and detection initiatives, the UNICEF/Zonta program will fund the first national-level evaluation of the effectiveness of the mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS at six weeks after a mother gives birth.

14. Zonta International Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS Support • Rwanda is working towards universal access to HIV testing and care for pregnant women and children by 2010. • The UNICEF/Zonta program will develop a model of Rwanda’s successful program to use at the district level including: • Anti-retroviral access • Rehabilitation access • Adequate facilities • Necessary equipment • A system to assess trends in new infections • Community support • Adequate transportation for laboratory samples • Laboratory training • Technical and financial support the existing prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS sites in the districts of Rwanda

15. Zonta International Gender-Based Violence • Preventing and responding to the violence as a result of the brutalization of society during the genocide • Enforcing and strengthening control over the transmission of HIV linked to domestic and gender-based violence

16. Zonta International Gender-Based Violence Support • Increase access for cases of gender-based violence victims seeking services through increased knowledge and better quality of services to survivors of violence. • Improve resilience among survivors and families and decrease the incidence of acute traumatic stress disorders in survivors.

17. Zonta International One Stop Centers The project will establish nationwide support centers for holistic care and support to survivors of domestic and gender-based violence in all five provinces in Rwanda. These centers will offer referral, training for those who will support survivors, and improve the quality of service to survivors. The program will also support the newly established pilot center at Kacyiru Hospital in Kigali and the center in Rusizi District.

18. Zonta International The project will use three approaches: • The Holistic Approach • The Multidisciplinary Approach • The Family and Community Based Approach

19. Zonta International Holistic Care Holistic care will be provided to address the, physical, psychosocial and legal needs of victims/survivors.

20. Zonta International Multidisciplinary Approach • The multidisciplinary approach recognizes that a woman and a child, particularly those in special need of protection, need access to an array of services due to complex nature of their needs. • Agencies and professionals must work together to manage different aspects of helping a woman and a child within the context of their family, community and society.

21. Zonta International Family and Community Based Approach • The family and community based approach recognizes that families and communities are the first line of response in dealing with problems. • This type of intervention should strengthen the capabilities of families and communities.

22. Zonta International The Women of Rwanda thank you for your donations to this critical program