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Factors that Shape Ecosystems

Factors that Shape Ecosystems. Symbiosis, Succession, and Invasive Species. Factors that Shape Ecosystems. Ecosystems are shaped by a combination of biological and physical factors. Abiotic Factors. non-living parts of an ecosystem. Biotic Factors. living parts in an ecosystem.

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Factors that Shape Ecosystems

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  1. Factors that Shape Ecosystems Symbiosis, Succession, and Invasive Species

  2. Factors that Shape Ecosystems • Ecosystems are shaped by a combination of biological and physical factors

  3. Abiotic Factors • non-living parts of an ecosystem

  4. Biotic Factors • living parts in an ecosystem

  5. Factors that Shape Ecosystems • Together, biotic and abiotic factors determine the survival and growth of an organism and the productivity of the ecosystem in which the organism lives.

  6. Habitat • the area in which an organism lives

  7. Niche • role or occupation that an organism plays in its community (habitat)

  8. Community Interactions • contact between organisms that help shape ecosystems

  9. Community Interactions • Competition • Predation • Symbiosis • Mutualism • Parasitism • Commensalism

  10. Competition • occurs when members of two or more species populations rely on the same resource for survival

  11. Competition Exclusion Principle • no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time • there are winners and losers

  12. Predation • a relationship (usually) between two species in which one is killed (for food) and the other benefits

  13. Symbiosis • specific relationships that occur between two different species

  14. Symbiosis • Predation • Mutualism • Commensalism

  15. Symbiosis: Mutualism • a specific relationship between two organisms/species in which both benefit

  16. Symbiosis: Parasitism • a specific relationship between two organisms/species in which one benefits and other is harmed

  17. Symbiosis: Commensalism • a specific relationship between two organisms/species in which one organism benefits and the other is unharmed

  18. Symbiosis: Commensalism • rare • most relationships are at least slightlymutualistic or parasitic

  19. Succession • the process by which an ecosystem slowly returns to its original state after some disturbance • species replace species as succession progresses • lead by a pioneer species

  20. Succession

  21. Succession

  22. Pioneer Species • a species that establishes an ecosystem after it has been severely changed/altered • this organism 'paves' the way for other species to return to the ecosystem

  23. Succession

  24. Pioneer Species • a species that establishes an ecosystem after it has been severely changed/altered • this organism 'paves' the way for other species to return to the ecosystem • Typically plants return to an ecosystem before animals • Usually small organisms (grasses, insects, etc.)

  25. Invasive Species • to introduced species that negatively affect the ecosystems they invade financially and/or ecologically • also called "non-indigenous" or "non-native" • cost people money and/or threaten native species • can be plants or animals

  26. Invasive Species

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