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SUBCELLULAR ORGANIZATION

Explore the subcellular organization of cells, including the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the relationship between cell size and shape, and the functions of various cell structures such as the nucleus, endomembrane organelles, mitochondria, plastids, and cytoskeleton. Understand the importance of compartmentalization in organizing a cell's functions.

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SUBCELLULAR ORGANIZATION

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  1. SUBCELLULAR ORGANIZATION

  2. Cell Size and Shape • Prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes

  3. Restrictions on Cell Size • Relationship of volume and surface are:

  4. Advantages • Overall • Metabolic • Capacity of Nucleus

  5. Cell Shape

  6. Cell Structure • Nucleus • Function identified:

  7. Nuclear Envelope

  8. Nuclear membrane • Function • Structure

  9. Nucleolus • Structure • Function

  10. Chromosomes/Chromatin • Function • Differences

  11. Function Numbers Free ribosomes Ribosomes

  12. Free Ribosomes • Structure • Function

  13. Bound Ribosomes • Structure • Functions of proteins produced (2)

  14. Endomembrane Organelles • Where • Why

  15. Examples • Nuclear membrane • Plasma membrane

  16. Endoplasmic Reticulum • General function • Structure • Amount

  17. SER • Have enzymes that(3)

  18. RER • Functions - 3

  19. Golgi Apparatus • General function • Structure • 2 sides & functions

  20. Golgi Apparatus • Specific functions - 4

  21. Lysosome • Function • Structure • Formation • Specific Functions – 3

  22. Lysosome • Storage Diseases/ lysosome problems • Pompe’s Disease • Tay-Sachs Disease

  23. Vacuoles & Vesicles

  24. Vacuoles & Vesicles • Structure • Differences • General functions • Specific functions & kinds – 3 • tonoplast

  25. Peroxisome • Function • Structure • Specific Function

  26. Energy Transformers ~ Mitochondria • Function • Structure • Not endomembrane - explain

  27. Mitochondria • Membrane composition • Number of membranes • Cristae • Intermembrane space • Mitochondrial matrix

  28. Plastids • General function • Chromoplast • Amyloplast

  29. Chloroplast • Structure – not part of endomembrane system (explain)

  30. Chloroplast • Thylakoid • Grana • Stroma • Functions

  31. Cytoskeleton • Function • General structure

  32. Types of fibers of cytoskeleton • Microtubules • Structure

  33. Microtubules • Function • How: • Centrosome • Centriole • Cilia & Flagella

  34. Cilia & Flagella • Function • Structure of cilia & flagella– relationship to basal body

  35. Cilia & Flagella • Movement – • name

  36. Microfilaments • Structure • Size • Description

  37. Microtubules • General function • Specific functions - 3

  38. Intermediate Filaments • Structure • Size • Composition

  39. Intermediate Filaments • General function • Specific function

  40. Comparison

  41. Plant Cells • Cell Wall – also found in.. • Composition • Functions

  42. Plant Cells • Structures • Primary cell wall • Middle lamella • Secondary cell wall

  43. Extracellular Matrix • What • Composition • Functions • New Functions

  44. How Compartmentalization Organizes A Cell’s Function • Three ways

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