Mohid Land and Mohid Drainage Network: Modelling Stream Processes

1. tempQsim Meeting – WP 5 Frank Braunschweig Rosa Trancoso Pedro Galvão Pedro Chambel Ramiro Neves Wallingford 03-04 Mar. 2005

2. Presentation Overview • Introduction • Mohid Land vs. Mohid Drainage Network • Pardiela (Degebe) Catchment Characteristics • Mohid Drainage Network • Channel Flow Results • Heat Fluxes • Coliform Decay • Channel Bed Water Exchange • Pool Implementation • Cascade Incorporation • SWAT Coupling • Cohesive Sediment Transport • Coupling Water Quality Modules • Mohid Land • Spatial Rainfall Interpolation • Future Tasks

3. 1D Drainage network 2D Overland flow Precipitation Variable in Time & Space 3D Porous Media Introduction Mohid Land vs. Mohid Drainage Network Mohid Drainage Network – Standalone program which simulates in-stream processes. Data not provided simulated by the model must be supplied as boundary condition (e.g. overland flow discharge) Mohid Land – Integrated Model composed by a set of modules (Overland flow, Drainage Network, Atmosphere, Porous Media, etc.)

4. Introduction Catchment Caracteristics Source: NASA & Mohid GIS Source: Textural Map & Saxon 1986 Source: Land Use & Ponce, 1989, p. 139

5. Introduction Catchment Caracteristics Minimum water depth for flow: 0.001m

6. Introduction Catchment Caracteristics Initial Water content = Field capacity 8 Vertical Layers

7. MOHID Drainage Network Channel Flow Results • Delivery Model MOHID Land: • Run 06 – Manning Channels = 0.03, Rain Constant in Space • Run 08 – Manning Channels = 0.03, Rain Variable in Space • Run 10 – Manning Channels = 0.06, Rain Variable in Space

8. MOHID Drainage Network Channel Flow Results Run 06 – Manning Channels = 0.03, Rain Constant in Space Run 08 – Manning Channels = 0.03, Rain Variable in Space Run 10 – Manning Channels = 0.06, Rain Variable in Space Second Event recorded by probe First Event recorded by probe

9. Solar Radiation (Date, Hour of Day, Cloud Cover, Riparian Shading) Sensible Heat (Wind, Water & Air Temperature) Long wave Radiation (Cloud Cover, Water & Air Temperature) Latent Heat (Water & Air Temperature, Wind Speed, Relative Humidity) Sediment Exchange (Water & Sediment Temperature) MOHID Drainage Network Heat Fluxes • Input Variables: • Air Temperature • Wind Speed • Relative Humidity • Cloud Cover • Riparian Shading Equations From Water Temperature Modeling Review Central Valley September 2000 Michael L. Deas Cindy L. Lowney

10. MOHID Drainage Network Heat Fluxes • Input Variables: • Air Temperature –Hourly Data • Wind Speed – Hourly Data • Relative Humidity – Daily Data • Cloud Cover – Monthly Invented Data • Riparian Shading – Constant Coefficient of 70%

11. Solar Radiation (Date, Cloud Cover, Riparian Shading) MOHID Drainage Network Coliform Bacteria Coliform Decay (Water Temperature, Salinity & Radiation) • Input Variables: • T90 Method • T90 Computation Methods • Constant • Canteras • Chapra

12. MOHID Drainage Network Coliform Bacteria Discharges = 0.25m3/s Initial Concentration = 1.e7 u/100ml

13. MOHID Land Channel Bed Water Exchange Channel – Water Table Exchange Overland Flow - Channel Channel - Overland Flow (Floods) Calculation based on the hydraulic head gradient

14. MOHID Land Channel Bed Water Exchange

15. MOHID Drainage Network Pool Implementation Top Width Channel Height Water Depth Pool Depth Bottom Width Node Volume = + Area Vertical =

16. MOHID Drainage Network Pool Implementation Discharges = 0.10m3/s Conclusion: With Pools water level rises later but quicker at the outlet Pools (Initially empty)

17. <30min. MOHID Drainage Network Pool Implementation Sediment Concentration

18. Deposition Erosion MOHID Drainage Network Cohesive Sediment Transport - Equations tero* – Critical Erosion shear stress E – Erosion constant [5e-4 kg m-2 s-1] tdep* – Critical Deposition shear stress C – Suspended concentration [kg m-3] Ws – Settling velocity [m s-1] HS – Hindered settling

19. MOHID Drainage Network Cohesive Sediment Transport – Test Run

20. 1. WASP MOHID Drainage Network Coupling Water Quality Modules Water Quality (WASP) Ce-Qual-W2 Coupled Module Water Quality Each River Reach is a control Volume In each Time Step Concentration are passed to the Water Quality Model Based on Concentration and Rates these modules calculate new Concentrations Water Quality Modules pass back new concentrations to River Reaches

21. 1. WASP MOHID Land Coupling Water Quality Modules • Results so far don’t make sense • Wrong boundary conditions (Constant concentration from Overland / Groundwater) • Maybe wrong parameterization

22. time ? t+1 t downstream MOHID Drainage Network Cascade Integration - Equations • Continuity • Momentum Kinematic Wave:

23. MOHID Drainage Network Cascade Integration - Algorithm Conservativemethod! Volume Depth, Area Flow Yes New Volume Error = Vol – New Vol Error > Tolerance?

24. MOHID Drainage Network Cascade Integration - Results Equal! Min DT = 10s MOHID Test for stability: Not Equal: Higher DT gives higher peak Min DT = 12.5s Equal! Min DT = 13.63s Conclusion: Cascade gives more correct results for higher DTs

25. MOHID Drainage Network SWAT Coupling – Task 1 • SWAT code changed to produce a discharge file for each subbasin outlet Outlet of Sub-Basin 1 Outlet of Sub-Basin 11

26. MOHID Drainage Network SWAT Coupling – Task 2 • Import to MOHID GIS ArcView File with the location of the outlets of the sub-basin

27. MOHID Drainage Network SWAT Coupling – Task 3 • Produce a Discharge Input file for Mohid Drainage Network

28. MOHID Drainage NetworkSWAT Coupling – Task 4 • Run MOHID Drainage Network with discharges from SWAT

29. Comparison SWAT (Integrated Model) vs. MOHID Drainage Network (using SWAT as delivery model) MOHID Drainage Network SWAT Coupling – Task 4

30. Comparison Mohid Land (Integrated Model) vs. MOHID Drainage Network (using SWAT as delivery model) MOHID Drainage Network SWAT Coupling – Task 4

31. MOHID Fill MatrixRain Interpolation Delaunay triangulation Inverse Weight Distance Produces HDF Files with a Matrix of Rainfall (or any other property) with a user defined frequency (e.g. 1 hour) during a user defined period (e.g. 2003-2004)

32. MOHID LandRain Interpolation Rain Stations Overland Flow Channel Flow Relative Water Content in the upper soil layer

33. TempQsimFuture Tasks Validate Cohesive Sediments with probe Data (until May) Validate Water Quality (until May) Base Flow like described in last progress report Use other models as delivery models? Set up Mohid Drainage Network / Mohid Land for other catchments Go for more complex systems?