1 / 32

Sugar and Sweetness

Sugar and Sweetness. Is there a universal desire for sweetness?. Social sweetness. The “Sweet Life” - the good life Sweethearts Sweet = character and state of being “Sweet” as an experience of something good and desirable. What are main sources of sweetness?. Honey - bee products

gabi
Télécharger la présentation

Sugar and Sweetness

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Sugar and Sweetness Is there a universal desire for sweetness?

  2. Social sweetness • The “Sweet Life” - the good life • Sweethearts • Sweet = character and state of being • “Sweet” as an experience of something good and desirable

  3. What are main sources of sweetness? • Honey - bee products • sugar cane - • refined, molasses • sugar beet - last century • High Fructose corn syrup (HFCS)

  4. Peanut butter = worst go-away add 10% sugar by weight The rise of sucrose Sugar is added to fatty foods to create “Go-Away” (describes texture of food)

  5. Food Texture= mouth feel Sugar increases viscosity- makes, gummy, thicker Substitute gums for sugar to create mouthfeel

  6. How is most sugars consumed?(world over average consump. = 10%) • add to carbohydrates • millet, rice, other starches • add to bitter beverages • cold or hot, tea, coffee, chocolate • SWEET TEA • add to bitter food to make sweet • tomato, peanut, guava

  7. Saccharum officinarum Sugar cane is a grass domesticated in New Guinea - 8000 B.C. to Philippines to India by 6000 B.C. Greek and Roman limited use Arab traders to Mediterranean by A.D. 700-1100

  8. SUGAR from Luxury to a Necessity Sugar originally had medicinal use too expensive for food Later is a spice (not sugar and spice) a rare commodity add to meat dishes Decoration - display by royalty only royals could afford = black teeth

  9. Columbus carried sugarcane on 2nd journey • to Santo Domingo • later throughout Caribbean and Brazil • by 1650 large-scale production • later to Pacific islands, esp. Hawaii

  10. Native population decline and importation of slave labor

  11. How do you make sugar?

  12. After Harvest • Crush cane and fiber • release juice • use animal powered crushers, now mechanical • Heat liquid to increase evaporation • becomes thicker • supersaturated = crystals will appear • crystals are brown • uncrystallized liquid = molasses, treacle, blackstrap (used for alcohol) • Purify through refining to get white pure sucrose (remove molasses)

  13. Cane – after harvest is pressed

  14. Jamaica train

  15. Non-centrifugal, less refined Panocha Jaggery

  16. Sugar evaporation

  17. Demerara Turbinado

  18. Sugar production Extremely labor intensive could not have produce on large-scale without importation of slave labor English, Dutch, French in the Caribbean = greater sugar production than Spaniards Environmental consequences – fuelwood, monocropping

  19. Sugar becomes affordable and necessary England - sugar production increased 2500% in 150 years by 1850 most consumers = Europeans Added to beverages - tea, coffee, chocolate

  20. Tea and Sugar British tea tradition est. mid-1700s Tea for working class = quick energy use > jam, puddings

  21. Industrial Revolution and Diet Bread, jam, and hot beverage with sugar

  22. High Tea

  23. Sugar = medicine - spice - decoration – food with human cost in past and today

  24. Modern consequences? Brutal to produce – labor Horrible for diet

More Related