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IEA Workshop Edinburgh, 12 th November 2001 Kenneth Möllersten

BIOENERGY WITH CO 2 REMOVAL AND DISPOSAL - An approach to negative CO 2 emissions in energy systems. IEA Workshop Edinburgh, 12 th November 2001 Kenneth Möllersten Royal Institute of Technology Sweden. Today’s presentation. Basic concept Results from studied cases

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IEA Workshop Edinburgh, 12 th November 2001 Kenneth Möllersten

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  1. BIOENERGY WITH CO2 REMOVAL AND DISPOSAL- An approach to negative CO2 emissions in energy systems IEA Workshop Edinburgh, 12th November 2001 Kenneth Möllersten Royal Institute of Technology Sweden

  2. Today’s presentation • Basic concept • Results from studied cases • Ongoing research • Policy-related issues

  3. CO2 CO2 biofuels energy products ashes (minerals) Conventional bioenergy

  4. Bioenergy w CO2 removal and disposal CO2 CO2 biofuels energy products CO2 to underground storage ashes (minerals)

  5. Energy Biofuel Air/O2 H2 or H2 and CO Energy conversion process CO2 removal Gasification CO shift (optional) CO2 Energy products Flue gas Bio-fuel Bio-fuel Air CO2 Energy Energy Air Flue gas Flue gas Energy conversion process CO2 removal O2 Air separation Combustion Condenser Energy products CO2 H2O CO2 Energy products Flue gas Principal methods for CO2 removal

  6. Specific CO2 emissions of power/CHP plants with CO2 removal (incl. compression to 100bar)

  7. CO2 removal costs (incl. compression to 100bar) + around US$ 20-30 /t CO2 for transportation and disposal

  8. CO2 consequences of alternative recovery boiler replacements in pulp mill

  9. CO2 consequences of alternative recovery boiler replacements in pulp mill

  10. 400 200 0 Cost of CO2 Reduction(US$/t CO2) Capital valuation Industrial Societal G F E G D F C E B D A Potential CO2 reduction(Mt CO2/y) C B A 2 4 68 A: Electricity conservation B: Improved electrical efficiency in steam power systems C: BLIGCC D: BLIGCC with CCS E: Black liquor gasification with CCS, methanol production and CC F: Conversion of lime kiln to biofuels G: Cogeneration of wood-based methanol and heat in paper mills Potential & cost-effectiveness of CO2 reductions in the Swedish pulp and paper sector (Marginal power from coal power plants)

  11. CO2 GTCC/ EvGT/ FC power raw gas CO2 removal heat CO shift Black Liquor Gasifier power GTCC/ EvGT raw gas CO2 removal heat CO2 CO2 Ongoing research

  12. Summary removal technologies & system considerations

  13. Is CO2 from biomass tradable? • Ways to certify emission reduction credits • ‘reducing anthropogenic emissions by sources’,or‘enhancing anthropogenic removals by sinks’?

  14. Implementing bioenergy w CO2 removal & disposal • CO2 disposal schemes are being developed by companies from the fossil-fuel sector. Will they “welcome” disposal of CO2 from biomass? • Disposal of CO2 from biomass may require cooperation • CO2 disposal projects are large-scale • Pulp & paper producers are increasing their focus on core competencies, and less resources are available for energy management • Bioenergy producers are small and independent

  15. Research and development Integration of biomass energy and fossil-fuel energy RD&D is required: • Introduce biomass energy into CO2 removal and disposal RD&D • Large-scale biomass energy applications with CO2 removal and disposal • Identify opportunities for synergies and phasing in biomass in CO2 disposal schemesFor example through: • Co-firing coal and biomass w CO2 removal • Introduction of biomass-based methane in natural gas networks

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