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Cartoon. Humidity. The amount of water vapor in the air. Relative Humidity: How much water a parcel of air is capable of holding. Changes with temperature Warm Air can hold more water Cold Air is capable of holdin g less water When air is full of water we call it saturated.

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  2. Humidity • The amount of water vapor in the air. • Relative Humidity: How much water a parcel of air is capable of holding. • Changes with temperature • Warm Air can hold more water • Cold Air is capable of holding less water • When air is full of water we call it saturated. • What is a Parcel: • Think balloon containing air

  3. Dew Point • Temperature air needs to be cooled to until it can hold no more water • At this point water will condense • On the right stuff this condensation of water forms clouds • Water Droplets Require Condensations Nuclei • Usually dust, dirt, aerosol particles • When lifted, cold air reaches its dew point faster than warm air. Dew ≠ Rain Cloud Condensation ≠ Rain

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  5. How do clouds form? 1stStep: We Need Condensation Nuclei 2nd Step: Air Needs to Be Lifted What’s that? Something for water droplets to condense on. Usually dust, dirt, aerosol particles Moist Air Rises and Expands but needs to be forced upward so it can cool down enough to hit its dew point. Most Common: 1). Lifted Over A Mountain… Orographic Lifting 2). Frontal Wedging Meeting a very different air mass

  6. Somehow….we need to get air to rise… • Orographic Lifting: • Mountain is more dense, So the air rises over. • Frontal Wedging • Meeting a very different air mass; body of air. • We know cold air is very dense, so warm air is forced up and over. • Dry adiabatic cooling rate • *10C/1000 m • Air only stops cooling at this rate when it hits its dew point and begins to condense.

  7. Types of clouds Height Descriptions = Prefixes Shape = 2nd half 1). Cirro: Very High Clouds 2). Alto: Middle Clouds 3). Strato: Low Clouds Cirrus: Thin Wispy like hair Cumulus: Big Puffy/ Lumpy Clouds Cotton Balls Stratus: Continuous Cloud Nimbus = Storm Cloud

  8. Cloud Videos • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=velxZEWhrDo • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZnmQ0mnTnU&feature=fvwrel

  9. Cloud Matching game http://eo.ucar.edu/webweather/cloudmatch.html

  10. Identify that cloud Cirrus

  11. Identify that cloud Cirrocumulus

  12. Identify that cloud Cirrostratus

  13. Identify that cloud Altostratus

  14. Identify that cloud Altocumulus

  15. Identify that cloud Stratocumulus

  16. Identify that cloud Cumulonimbus

  17. Identify that cloud Stratonimbus

  18. Options • Electromagnetic Spectrum Web Quest: • http://missionscience.nasa.gov/ems/01_intro.html • Layers of the Atmosphere/Methods of Heat Transfer • http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Atmosphere/layers.html

  19. Question of the Day • What is convection? • How is convection related to weather?

  20. Fog • When the dew point of water vapor is reached close to the surface; clouds forming on Earth’s surface. • Advection Fog: Happens during the morning hours • Horizontal movement of warm moist air from over water to land where temperatures are cooler. • Radiation Fog: happens on cool/clear nights • Heat escapes from Earth vertically; lost to space. • Earth cools down so that air can reach its dew point at the surface.

  21. Types of stability Stable Atmosphere Unstable Atmosphere Air is sinking; high pressure Clouds are thin or not present Air is rising; low pressure Clouds tall Intense Precipitation possible Severe storms possible

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