1 / 40

Holistic V egetable Gardening

Holistic V egetable Gardening . Presented by: Kent Phillips kent.a.phillips@gmail.com. Maryland Master Gardeners’ Mission. To educate Maryland residents about safe, effective and sustainable horticultural practices that build healthy gardens, landscapes, and communities.

garan
Télécharger la présentation

Holistic V egetable Gardening

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Holistic Vegetable Gardening Presented by: Kent Phillips kent.a.phillips@gmail.com

  2. Maryland Master Gardeners’Mission To educate Maryland residents about safe, effective and sustainable horticultural practices that build healthy gardens, landscapes, and communities.

  3. www.extension.umd.edu/growit Grow Your Own Food We Can Show You How Click on Classes Tab And Scroll down to Howard County

  4. What is a holistic approach Webster’s defines holistic as “emphasizing the organic or functional relation between parts and whole” When growing vegetables that means relationship between our vegetable plants and Soil Nutrients in the soil Water and air in balance Sun Insects

  5. Why Practice a Holistic Approach • To conserve scarce resources • To mimic nature • To maximize biological and genetic diversity • To provide the best environment for our vegetables • Healthy plants grow quickly and resist insect attack

  6. Keys To A Healthy Vegetable Garden • Healthy soil • Full sun • Sufficient soil moisture and air • Keeping pests to acceptable levels • Grow recommended vegetable varieties • HG 70 Recommended vegetable cultivars for Maryland home gardens

  7. What is healthy soil • Lots of organic material added • Six inches of OM for new gardens • One inch for established gardens • Creates a beneficial environment for soil invertibrates and micro organisms • Holds water and nutrients - • Ways to add organic material • Well composted farmyard manure • Compost • Shredded leaves and grass clippings • Organic mulches • Cover crops

  8. What does compost do • Creates a beneficial environment for soil invertebrates and organisms • Creates well-drained, deepand crumbly soil • Allows for maximum root growth • Improve soil structure (breaks up clay) and creates pores for water retention and air infiltration • Creates a reservoir of slow-release nutrients.

  9. What is healthy soil • Soil with proper pH and nutrient levels • Do a soil test • Proper pH for vegetables is between 6.2 and 6.8 • Test will provide recommendation for macro (NPK) and micro nutrients • Follow recommendations • N is the nutrient most often in short supply • UMD recommendation is .1 to .2 #/100 sqft. • Over fertilization can harm plants • Uncompacted soil with lots of pores for air and water

  10. Soil References • Online references at www.extension.umd.edu/hgic • Click on “Information Library”, “Publications” then on “Vegetables, Fruit and Herb Gardening • HG11 Soil test basics • HG110 Selecting and using a soil testing laboratory • HG 42 Soil amendments and fertilizers • FS782 Basics of soil and plant fertility • Videos – Click on Youtube button on GIEI website

  11. Sun • Fruiting vegetables like full sun • Minimum requirement is 8 hrs. • Leafy greens like full sun • Minimum requirement is 5-6 hrs.

  12. Most commonly available commercial organic fertilizers • Check OMRI for specific producers (www.omri.org) • Fish emulsion: 6-2-2 • Seaweed extract: 1-0.5-2 • Blood meal: 15-1-0 • Cottonseed meal: 6-2.5-1.5 • Guano: 8 to 13-8-2 • Bone meal: 4-21-0 • Rock phosphate: 0-22-0 • Alfalfa meal: 3-1-2 • Soybean Meal 7-2-1

  13. Soil Moisture • On average plants require one inch of water a week • Equals .62 gallons/sqft. • Equals 20 gallons on a 4 by 8 ft. raised bed • Moisture requirements are dependent on weather and the variety of vegetable being grown • E.g.. Tomatoes require extra moisture to avoid blossom end rot (BER) • Moisture needs to be delivered to the plant roots • Most efficient method of delivery is drip irrigation • GIEI Youtube videos – search for drip irrigation • Mulching plants helps conserve soil moisture • GIEI Youtube videos – search for mulchzilla

  14. Air • Plant roots require air • Clay soil – holds water tightly • Sandy soil – doesn’t hold water • The residual decomposition of organic materials creates soil structure by binding soil particles together into large clumps or aggregates which create pores for air

  15. Integrated Pest Management • Simple steps and common sense • Study • Spy • Squish • An once of prevention is worth a pound of cure • Companion planting • A healthy garden with good soil, adequate moisture and proper nutrition can withstand some pest predation

  16. Beneficials v. Pests • Attract predators and parasites • Ultimately, predators will increase as prey is available • Planting open faced flowers attracts predators that require nectar in their adult stage • Purchasing predators tends not to be effective • Ducks, chickens and toads

  17. Common Predators Praying Mantid

  18. Common Predators Lady Bird Beetle and Larva

  19. Common Predators Yellow Argiope Jumping spider Wolf Spider Orb Weaver

  20. Common Predators Wheel bug

  21. Common Predators Syrphid fly and larva: predator of aphids

  22. Common Predators Parasitized Tomato Hornworm

  23. Common Vegetable Pests Mexican Bean Beetle Eggs & larvae Adult • Row cover • Crush • Pyrethrum, neem, spinosad spray top and bottom of leaves

  24. Common Vegetable Pests Cucumber Beetle Spotted Stripped Floating row cover Pyrethrum, neem oil, spinosad

  25. Common Vegetable Pests Harlequin bug Adult Eggs & nymphs • Row cover • Crush • Insecticidal soap alone or with pyrethrum or neem

  26. Common Vegetable Pests Flea Beetle Adults Floating row cover over hoops Surround (kaolin clay) – reapply after rain Pyrethrum, neem, spinosad

  27. Common Vegetable Pests Imported Cabbage Looper Larvae Adult • Floating row cover • Bacillus Thuringensis (BT), insecticidal soap • Pyrethrum, neem, spinosad – use with sticker spreader

  28. Common Vegetable Pests Squash Bug Adult Eggs & nymphs • No pesticide for homeowners • Floating row cover • Hand pick tear out section of leaf with eggs • Kill nymphs with neem or hort oil or insecticidal soap

  29. Common Vegetable Pests Squash Vine Bore Larvae • Floating row cover • Cut out borer and mound soil over wound

  30. Common Vegetable Pests Stink Bugs BMSB Adult Southern Green Stink Bug Brown • True hard shell bugs like squash and stink bugs are hard to kill • Use row cover where possible • Hand pick and destroy adults and eggs • Insecticidal soap and botanicals can be used on 1st and 2nd instars (nymphs) • No pesticide available for homeowners to kill adults

  31. Physical Controls & Barriers • Hand pick and destroy • Apply a barrier on the plant (Surround) • Cover the bed with a barrier (row cover)

  32. Targeted Applications for Specific Pests • https://extension.umd.edu/growit • Click on “Vegetables” tab, “Common Vegetable Problems” and “Vegetable Insects Pests” • With all pesticides • Always read the label and follow instructions • Bacillus Thuringiensis • Use on brassicas (broccoli, cauliflower, kale, etc.) • Cabbage looper and other caterpillars • Horticultural oils • Insecticidal soap

  33. Broad Spectrum Killers • With all pesticides • Always read the label • Follow label instructions • Pyrethrums - contact • Spinosad –ingestion • Neem oil - contact and ingestion • Azadirachtin • These insecticides can be ever bit as deadly as synthetic ones

  34. This program was brought to you by Maryland Master Gardener Program Howard County University of Maryland Extension

More Related