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Chapter 13 Section 4 Notes The Harlem Renaissance

Chapter 13 Section 4 Notes The Harlem Renaissance. African – Americans in the 1920s. Culture and Ideas Begin to Spread. WHY? = Great Migration movement of A-A’s from the South to the North between 1910 & 1920 due to WWI and jobs in factories by 1920, 40% of A-A’s lived in cities

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Chapter 13 Section 4 Notes The Harlem Renaissance

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  1. Chapter 13 Section 4 NotesThe Harlem Renaissance

  2. African – Americans in the 1920s • Culture and Ideas Begin to Spread. • WHY? = Great Migration • movement of A-A’s from the South to the North between 1910 & 1920 • due to WWI and jobs in factories • by 1920, 40% of A-A’s lived in cities • 25 race riots at the end of the war

  3. Getting Organized • NAACP • founded in 1909 • W.E.B. Dubois & James Weldon Johnson • led protests against violence in the 1920s • fought for Civil Rights • # of lynchings decreased • Couldn’t get laws passed • UNIA • Universal Negro Imp. Assoc. • founded in 1914 • Marcus Garvey • Believed A-A’s should build a separate society and move back to Africa • Be Proud of Culture • Promoted using black businesses when possible

  4. Harlem Renaissance • movement of A-A art, music, and literature in the 1920’s • Mostly educated, middle to upper class • Exposed Northern White America to Black Culture

  5. Art • Depicted scenes of everyday life • Vivid Colors • “Be Proud of Your Race and Accomplishments” To the left: “Building More Stately Mansions” by Aaron Douglas Above: “Street Life in Harlem” by William Henry Johnson

  6. Literature • Writers talked about slavery, racism, and injustice • Made A-A’s seem “human” in white readers eyes • Advanced cause for equality • Magazines and Newspapers • NAACP (The Crisis) • UNIA (Negro World)

  7. Langston Hughes • Probably most famous A-A writer of this era • Poet (“Raisin in the Sun”) What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore-- And then run?Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over-- like a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode?

  8. Music • Jazz • Founded in New Orleans in early 1900’s • Spread to Chicago and NY after WWI • Popular in Speakeasies and Clubs • More upbeat than other music before that • white audiences liked its “danceability”

  9. Jazz Musicians of the 1920s • Louis Armstrong • Trumpet player and singer • Most influential jazz musician ever • Jeepers Creepers • What a Wonderful World • Duke Ellington • Piano and composer • Mood Indigo • Cab Calloway • Popularized scat • Bessie Smith • Highest paid female vocalist

  10. Harlem Renaissance Legacy • Didn’t magically make things more equal for A-A’s right away • helped speed the process up some though • White society began to identify

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