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THE XXI CENTURY TRASPORTS

THE XXI CENTURY TRASPORTS . LINK BETWEEN EUROPE AND AFRICA Italy, bridge across Mediterranean Sea. Great buildings in the past and present time. YESTERDAY “To connect the oceans” (Panama, Suez) Powerful states, owners of powerful fleets Through “parallels” The courses to East TODAY

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THE XXI CENTURY TRASPORTS

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  1. THE XXI CENTURY TRASPORTS LINK BETWEEN EUROPE AND AFRICA Italy, bridge across Mediterranean Sea

  2. Great buildings in the past and present time YESTERDAY • “To connect the oceans” (Panama, Suez) • Powerful states, owners of powerful fleets • Through “parallels” • The courses to East TODAY • To connect the “Countries” • Also through “meridians” Gibraltar and Mazara two borderlands of Europe

  3. THE STRAIT OF MESSINA BRIDGE • Link between Italian regions and/or hinge between two continents ? • It will promote the change of goods transport from road to railway

  4. SUBMARINE TUNNELS Existing tunnels • Sei-Kan Tunnel (Japan) • Eurotunnel (France –England) • Tokyo Bay (Aqualine) Tunnel (Japan) Future tunnels • Tsushima-Kaikyo (strait) and Korean strait • Gibraltar (Morocco-Spain) • Bering Strait (Russia-USA)

  5. SEI –KAN • 53.850 m length, existing from 1988 section

  6. SEI - KAN Profile

  7. EUROTUNNEL • section

  8. EUROTUNNEL • Upgrading works (Stratford-Dover, in progress)

  9. TOKYO BAY- TUNNEL • Profile

  10. TOKYO BAY- TUNNEL • Bridge and artificial island Kase–no-to

  11. TOKYO BAY- TUNNEL • Humi - Hotaru artificial island and bridge

  12. GIBRALTAR TUNNEL • PLAN

  13. GIBRALTAR TUNNEL PLAN AND SECTION

  14. GIBRALTAR TUNNEL • PROFILE

  15. BERING TUNNEL • Russia – USA and two Diomede’s islands

  16. KOREA - JAPAN TUNNEL • in project 120 km length, 5 islands

  17. Sicily – Africa: tunnel track

  18. Sicily - Africa profile, plan, section

  19. ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS • Channel of Sicily, is it possible to build a 130 km long tunnel ? • Artificial islands, Japanese experience, environment damage or benefit ?

  20. REALIZATION • Heads and islands • TBM machines • Scheme and performances

  21. RESULTS IN THE TIME • Why only goods and services ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES • Building yard time • North Africa productions, quality and quantity changes • Removal of industries • Increase of people’s incomes and fundamental consumptions

  22. STAGES • Research and feasibility project • Constituting Consortia and finding investors • Technical project and work planning • Tunnel heads, islands and links realization • Drilling phase • Realization of systems and plants

  23. Technical data and performances of the Sicily – Tunisia tunnel -Total length 150 km. -Submarineportion length 136 km. - Two galleries (one for each way) with 7.6 m diameter, and a 45 m distance between them. - Gallery of exploration/service 4.8 m diameter in central position between the transit galleries. - Practicable total bypass connections every 375m. - Aerodynamic bypass every 200m. -Electric supply at the ends linked with national Tunisian/Italian power nets. At least two power stations at the artificial islands.

  24. PHASES OF CONSTRUCTION The realization of the tunnel, by analogy with similar works, is divided in 4 phases at least: - Geologic research and executive project, planning and commissioning (for a period of about 4 years). The works for the construction of the tunnel include three phases (for an estimable length of about 7 years): - Positioning of 4 platforms for the building of artificial islands (well technique) and beginning of the realization of the heads (Pizzolato and Cape Bon terminals). - digging of the different portions of the tunnel (5 long sections) and building of artificial islands. - installation of all the technical plants (ventilation systems, drain systems …)

  25. GOODS TRANSPORT ACROSS MEDITERRANEAN SEA

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