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Natural Fluid Systems

Natural Fluid Systems. Many natural systems are based on fluids and pressures Weather systems are created and influenced by barometric pressure, measure with a barometer. Air pressure is measured in kilopascals ( kPa ) or atmospheres ( atm )

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Natural Fluid Systems

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  1. Natural Fluid Systems • Many natural systems are based on fluids and pressures • Weather systems are created and influenced by barometric pressure, measure with a barometer. • Air pressure is measured in kilopascals (kPa) or atmospheres (atm) • Humans are affected by air pressures (breathing) and fluid pressures (the circulatory and respiratory systems) • Water, and water balance, is vital for life • The human body is 66% water, and loses 2.1 L of water daily (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

  2. The Circulatory System • The circulatory system is one of the most complex hydraulic systems we know • The heart is the pump, and blood vessels are specialized pipes • Blood pressure refers to how hard blood pushes against the walls of your body’s blood vessels • Nerve cells in the arteries monitor blood pressure • Your pulse is these waves of pressure • Normal resting heart rate is 60 - 100 beats per minute (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

  3. Disorders of Blood Circulation • Blood pressure is a part of normal check-ups, as it is an indicator of overall health • Like in all hydraulic systems, roughness inside of pipes decreases the hydraulic system’s effectiveness • Fatty deposits build up in arteries to slow blood flow • Smoking and obesity also increase blood pressure www.nhlbi.nih.gov (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

  4. The Respiratory System • Breathing is partly based on air pressure changes • Air (and all fluids) normally move from high to low pressure • Inhaling expands the rib cage, increasing volume and decreasing pressure • The diaphragm and rib muscles expand your lungs • Air from outside, which has oxygen in it, enters the low pressure in the lungs • Exhaling is the diaphragm and rib muscles pushing inwards, increasing pressure in the lungs so air leaves • As the air leaves, it takes unwanted carbon dioxide (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

  5. Disorders of Breathing • Breathing is affected by narrowed passageways, especially swelling from infections and allergies • Smoke, polluted air, coal dust and asbestos are also harmful • Asthma is a respiratory disease that narrows the passageways for air entering and leaving the lungs • Asthma can be triggered by smoke and pollutants, exercise, stress and dust • An inhaler is used to deliver tiny droplets of medicine to the lungs to help passageways open (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

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