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America Mobilizes for War

America Mobilizes for War.

gary-ashley
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America Mobilizes for War

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  1. America Mobilizes for War

  2. “The Japanese had attacked Pearl Harbor with the expectation that once Americans had experienced Japan’s power, they would shrink from further conflict. The day after the raid, the Japan Times boasted that the United States, now reduced to a third-rate power, was “trembling in her shoes.” But if Americans were trembling it was with rage, not fear. Uniting under the battle cry “Remember Pearl Harbor!” they set out to prove Japan wrong.” • Page 562

  3. Selective Service and GI • 5 Million volunteered for service • Selective Service System added 10 million more draftees to the armed services

  4. Draft Video

  5. Expanding the Military • May 15, 1942 • Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC) • Women volunteers served in non-combat positions • Nurses, ambulance drivers, radio operators, electricians, pilots, etc.

  6. Minorities in the Military • 300,000 Mexican Americans • 1 million African Americans • 13,000 Chinese Americans • 33,000 Japanese Americans • 25,000 Native Americans

  7. War Production • Feb 1942 – end of American car production for private use • Factories were converted to wartime production • Weapons, supplies, etc.

  8. Skillbuilder Pg 564

  9. War Production • War production meant need for workers • Women and minorities moved into these positions • Women worked for 60% of what male workers earned

  10. Rosie the Riveter

  11. Science Development • 1941 – started working on wartime technology like lice prevention • Development of new weapons • Secretly developing Atomic Bomb- The Manhattan Project

  12. Government Regulation • War Productions Board (WPB) • In charge of making sure armed forces received the resources they needed • Allocated raw materials to war production

  13. War Productions Board • Drives for scrap iron, tin cans, paper, rags, cooking fats, etc.

  14. War Productions Board • Rationing – allowing people only a fixed amount of goods necessary for military • Ration books to buy scarce goods • Meat, shoes, sugar, coffee, gasoline

  15. The War for Europe and North Africa Chapter 17 Section 2

  16. War Plans • Germany First Strategy • Germany and Italy posed the greatest threats, so attention should be focused on them first.

  17. Battle of the Atlantic • Germany attacking merchant ships in the Atlantic to starve Britain • US uses convoy system to deliver supplies • Planes use radar to locate German U-Boat • US starts shipbuilding program • 140 Liberty Ships built each month

  18. Convoy System

  19. Hitler turns on Soviet Union

  20. Eastern Front • Battle of Stalingrad(Summer 1942) • Hitler moved to capture Soviet oil fields in the Caucasus Mountains • Stalingrad – a major industrial center for the Soviet Union • Germans caught in brutal hand-to-hand combat

  21. Battle of Stalingrad • Vicious winter sets in on an unprepared German army • German commander surrenders Jan 31, 1943 • Soviet victory was the turning point in the war in Europe • Soviet army starts moving West to Germany

  22. Battle of Stalingrad

  23. Italian Campaign • Allies invade Italy and the Italian Army collapses • Italian government forces Mussolini to resign. • Hanged for his leadership

  24. Heroes in Combat • Tuskegee Airmen – all black squadron in the Italian Campaign • Awarded two Distinguished Unit Citations for aerial combat against German Luftwaffe

  25. Skillbuilder Pg 572

  26. D-Day • Operation Overlord – invasion of France across the English Channel • Led by General Dwight D. Eisenhower

  27. D-Day • Planned attacking Normandy, but didn’t want the Germans to know and ruin plans • Set up phantom military build-ups in Dover to fool German spy planes.

  28. Fake Military Build-up

  29. D-Day • June 6, 1944 – first day of invasion of France • Brutal counterattacks on Omaha Beach • Took 7 days to gain control of the beaches

  30. Skillbuilder Pg 575

  31. Gaining Ground • July 27, 1944 – General George Patton American troops liberated the French capital from 4 years of German occupation • Sept 1944 – Allies free France, Belgium, and Luxembourg

  32. Battle of the Bulge • December 16, 1944 • Battle of the Bulge • German tank divisions break bulge in Allied line in last offensive effort • Germans forced into a defensive fight until the end of the war

  33. Battle of the Bulge

  34. Allies Liberate Death Camps • Soviet troops first to reach a Nazi Death Camp in 1944 • SS workers tried at last minute to destroy evidence • American and Soviet troops were unaware of death camps until they reached them.

  35. Unconditional Surrender • April 25, 1945 – Soviet Union storms Berlin • April 29, 1945 – Hitler marries Eva Braun and commits suicide • May 8, 1945 – general Eisenhower accepts unconditional surrender of the Third Reich • V-E Day – Victory in Europe Day

  36. Roosevelt Dies • April 12, 1945 – 4 term President Roosevelt dies of a stroke • Harry Truman becomes 33rd President in the middle of the war.

  37. D-Day Activity

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