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Spread of Islam: History, Beliefs, and Practices

Learn about the rise of Islam, Muhammad's teachings, the spread of the religion, reasons for conversion, sect divisions, and the practice of Islam through the Five Pillars.

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Spread of Islam: History, Beliefs, and Practices

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Unit 6: Exchange and Encounter The rise of Islam

  2. History • Muhammad (570 - 632) lived in a polytheistic Arab society • One day, the angel Gabriel tells him to spread the word of God • Muhammad teaches monotheism

  3. religion is called Islam, and followers are called Muslims • Muslims believe Muhammad is the last and greatest Prophet • Islam spreads across Arabian Peninsula soon after Muhammad’s death

  4. The Spread of Islam

  5. Islam Spreads • The Qur’an Prohibits Muslims from forcing others to accept their religion • Muslim rulers were tolerant of other religions • Why did people convert to Islam? • It was appealing • They wouldn’t have to pay the non-muslim tax • You would be treated better

  6. Islam Splits • There is conflict under Ruling Muslim family, the Umayyads • Islam breaks into two main sects: • Shi’as Opposed Umayyad Rule • Sunnis did not oppose Umayyad • Today, most people are Sunni

  7. Muslim Distribution Map

  8. Practice of Islam • the five pillars– 5 duties Muslims must perform to show their acceptance of Allah

  9. 1)Faith • A Muslim must believe in no god but Allah and no prophet but Muhammad

  10. 2)Prayer • A Muslim must pray to Allah, facing Mecca, 5 times every day.

  11. 3)Alms • A Muslim must give alms, or money for the poor, through a tax.

  12. 4)Fasting • A Muslim must fast during the holy month of Ramadan. • Muslims eat only one meal a day, after sunset, every day during this month.

  13. 5)Pilgrimage • A Muslim should perform the hajj – a trip to the holy city of Mecca – at least once in his or her life.

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