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COM 354 New Media Ethics

COM 354 New Media Ethics. Robert Bodle IR11 - Göteborg. Outline. intro rise of interoperability Open APIs and privacy concerns other concerns close. Open APIs - the sex organs of interoperability. A means to exchange data between two or more web services. Open APIs – sharing data.

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COM 354 New Media Ethics

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  1. COM 354 New Media Ethics Robert Bodle IR11 - Göteborg

  2. Outline intro rise of interoperability Open APIs and privacy concerns other concerns close

  3. Open APIs - the sex organs of interoperability A means to exchange data between two or more web services . . .

  4. Open APIs – sharing data between sites and services . . .

  5. Open APIs – through calls Browser calls routed through API server

  6. Open APIs – enabling cross-posting Syndicating messages on various “web platforms simultaneously” (Global Voices Advocacy 2009)

  7. ecosystem of 3rd party developers build on top of a platform mutual add value interoperability often achieved though not always . . . tenuous

  8. begetting a world of 3rd party web apps mashups widgets social games desktop mobile social plug-ins mashup integrates 3 APIs: Mappy API Google Latitude API Facebook API

  9. a world of 3rd party web apps mashups widgets social games desktop mobile social plug-ins widget

  10. a world of 3rd party web apps mashups widgets social games desktop mobile social plug-ins Social games – FB quizzes

  11. a world of 3rd party web apps mashups widgets social games desktop mobile social plug-ins

  12. a world of 3rd party web apps mashups widgets social games desktop mobile social plug-ins The “Like” button

  13. From modularity to interoperability prevent vendor lock-in drive competition drive innovation reduce costs Jon Postel championed non discriminatory standardization and interoperability

  14. Facebook's expansion of Open APIs Facebook Developer (2006) Facebook Platform (2007) Facebook Connect (2008) Open Stream (2009) Open Graph (2010)

  15. Facebook Connect

  16. Social plug-ins Unlike Beacon which broadcasted information about user's web purchases without permission, the “Like” button encourages people to volunteer their tastes and preferences.

  17. Open Graph Sharing one's “social graph” or the sum total of one's connections - activity streams, profile information, comments, recommendations, preferences (“Likes”) . . .

  18. What is being shared? * Friends: https://graph.facebook.com/me/friends * News feed: https://graph.facebook.com/me/home * Profile feed (Wall): https://graph.facebook.com/me/feed * Likes: https://graph.facebook.com/me/likes * Movies: https://graph.facebook.com/me/movies * Books: https://graph.facebook.com/me/books * Notes: https://graph.facebook.com/me/notes * Photo Tags: https://graph.facebook.com/me/photos * Photo Albums: https://graph.facebook.com/me/albums * Video Tags: https://graph.facebook.com/me/videos * Video Uploads: https://graph.facebook.com/me/videos/uploaded * Events: https://graph.facebook.com/me/events * Groups: https://graph.facebook.com/me/groups * Check-ins: https://graph.facebook.com/me/checkins

  19. Privacy, autonomy, freedom lose control over one's information unable to anticipate consequences unable to make informed decisions loss of self-determination or autonomy freedom from interference or “informational self determination” (Tavani 2010)

  20. Open APIs and other forms of enclosure market dominance lock-in prescribed info-flows commodification dependency

  21. Opening the social media ecosystem secure private controlled by users transparent nondiscriminatory interoperability

  22. Digital dilemma • If Facebook shares our information with advertisers and web trackers should we be concerned about the consequences of privacy breaches (deontological) or should we tolerate this as a necessary by-product of sharing online (utilitarian-greater good, consequences)?

  23. Opening the social media ecosystem

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