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Understanding Plant Reproduction and Life Cycle: A Comprehensive Guide

Explore the intricate world of plant reproduction, including sexual and asexual methods. This guide covers the male and female gametes, processes like pollination, and seed development. Discover the structures involved, such as ovules and pinecones, along with the vital role of vascular tissues in nutrient transport. Learn about the various plant life spans, including annual, biennial, and perennial species, as well as plant behaviors like tropisms and dormancy. Gain insight into germination and the conditions necessary for optimal plant growth.

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Understanding Plant Reproduction and Life Cycle: A Comprehensive Guide

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  1. PlantsContinued

  2. Plant Sex • Pollen Grain – male gamete – many forms of distribution – wind, animal, water • Ovule – Female gamete – inside flower

  3. Pollination – transfer of pollen from anther to pistil • Pollen makes a pollen tube to egg then fertilizes the egg, makes seeds

  4. Ovules

  5. Ovules

  6. Pinecones – reproductive organs • Modified leaves formed in circles • Male cones contain pollen • Female cones open for pollination then close until seeds mature then reopen for dispersal – can take up to 2 years

  7. Asexual Reproduction in plants • Vegetative – modified stems (runners, bulbs, tubers, rhizomes)

  8. Plant Parts • Vascular tissues – vessels that carry nutrients & water through the plant • - xylem – carries water and minerals up from roots • - phloem – carries sugars down & around • Roots – take up water & nutrients from soil, anchor plant

  9. Stem – houses vascular tissues & supports leaves – 2 types • 1. woody – non-green • 2. herbaceous – green, flexible

  10. Leaves- major photosynthetic organ of plant • - blade – flat part • - petiole – stem • If blade is divided, called leaflets

  11. Germination • Embryo resumes growth, root emerge 1st, shoot 2nd • Some plant first send a hook up to protect plant others send up cotyledons

  12. Plant Life Span • Perennial – all woody, some herbaceous - live several years - most reproduce several times – some only once • Annual – grows, flowers, reproduces & dies in 1 growing season – almost all herbaceous - corn, beans, sunflowers

  13. Biennial – live 2 seasons – carrots, onions – 1st year stores nutrients – 2nd year produces flower, makes seeds and dies

  14. Plant Behaviors • Tropisms – response when a plant grows toward or away from a stimulus • - toward=positive tropism • - away=negative tropism

  15. Dormancy – some plants or seeds remain inactive until they have been exposed to low temps for several weeks

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