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Computer-Mediated Communication

Computer-Mediated Communication. Hyperpersonal Effect and Visual/Aural interfaces for CMC. Hyperpersonal communication. Receivers overattribute from limited cues Assume similarity based on group affiliation Senders maintain tight control over cues

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Computer-Mediated Communication

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  1. Computer-Mediated Communication Hyperpersonal Effect and Visual/Aural interfaces for CMC

  2. Hyperpersonal communication • Receivers overattribute from limited cues • Assume similarity based on group affiliation • Senders maintain tight control over cues • Selective self-presentation —Little “given off” in text CMC • Bottom line: Exceptionally favorable perception in the face of limited information Computer-Mediated Communication

  3. “ The sensorial parsimony of plain text tends to entice users into engaging their imaginations to fill in missing details while, comparatively speaking, the richness of stimuli in fancy [systems] has an opposite tendency, pushing users’ imaginations into a more passive role. — Curtis (1992) ” Computer-Mediated Communication

  4. Long-term, no photos Social affinity Long-term, photos Short-term, photos Short-term, no photos Computer-Mediated Communication

  5. “ The study of CMC effects is not best served by blanket statements about technology main effects on social, psychological, and interpersonal processes, nor by proclamations that online relationships are less rewarding than FTF ones. Rather, qualities of CMC are … more often the product of interesting and predictable interactions of several mutual influences than main effects of media. — Walther et al. (2001) ” Computer-Mediated Communication

  6. Faces Computer-Mediated Communication

  7. What are faces good for? Conveying, among other things: • Individual identity • Social identity • Expression • Gaze By means of: • Structure • Dynamics • Decorations Source: galante.com Computer-Mediated Communication

  8. Ekman (1999) Ekman, Friesen, & Ellsworth (1972) (and many others) Basic emotions Anger Disgust Fear Joy Sadness Surprise Characteristics of basic emotions 1. Distinctive universal signals 2. Distinctive physiology 3. Automatic appraisal 4. Distinctive universals in antecedent events 5. Distinctive appearance developmentally 6. Presence in other primates 7. Quick onset 8. Brief duration 9. Unbidden occurrence 10. Distinctive thoughts, memories images 11. Distinctive subjective experience Computer-Mediated Communication

  9. Facial muscles Action units Computer-Mediated Communication

  10. Computer-Mediated Communication

  11. Representing the face:  “Being close may be worse.” Computer-Mediated Communication

  12. Computer-Mediated Communication

  13. The “Uncanny Valley” Computer-Mediated Communication

  14. Computer-Mediated Communication

  15. Designing with faces and bodies • We read meaning in lots of things, but especially human forms! • There is no such thing as neutral. • If you’re going to use faces (or anything socially salient) in a design, consider: • Appropriate semantics • Appropriate precision Computer-Mediated Communication

  16. Computer-Mediated Communication

  17. Computer-Mediated Communication

  18. Eyes Computer-Mediated Communication

  19. Kobayashi & Kohshima 2001 Computer-Mediated Communication

  20. Computer-Mediated Communication Kobayashi & Kohshima 2001

  21. Video conferencing Computer-Mediated Communication

  22. The gaze angle problem, or… Why so glum? Source: http://staffx.webstore.ntu.edu.sg/personal/astjcham/Web/Research/percepter.htm Computer-Mediated Communication

  23. Source: http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7126627.html Computer-Mediated Communication

  24. Yang & Zhang 2004 Computer-Mediated Communication

  25. Source: D. Nguyen Computer-Mediated Communication

  26. Cameras Projectors MultiView Display Source: D. Nguyen Computer-Mediated Communication

  27. Visual social interfaces Computer-Mediated Communication

  28. Babble social proxy Computer-Mediated Communication

  29. Social translucence: To design digital systems that support coherent behavior by making participants and their activities visible to one another (Erickson and Kellogg) • Visibility: make social information apparent • Awareness: knowing based on what you see • Accountability: knowing that I know you know • Why? To recreate a “social physics.” • Why not “social transparency”? Computer-Mediated Communication

  30. Chat Circles 2 Computer-Mediated Communication

  31. Auditory interfaces(We have no “earlids”) Computer-Mediated Communication

  32. Talking in Circles Computer-Mediated Communication

  33. Designing visual social interfaces • Create affordances with social translucence • Use rich media deliberately, when warranted • Represent humans and their faces carefully • Be ambiguous: users can interpret just fine • Reflect users’ actions back to them • Let the big picture emerge from details • Consider whether customization is worth it Computer-Mediated Communication

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