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Task 38

Task 38. Greenhouse Gas Balances of Biomass and Bioenergy Systems Ken Byrne, Department of Environmental Resource Management, University College Dublin. Participating Countries 1/2. National Country Team Leader Institution Australia A. Cowie State Forests New South Wales

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Task 38

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  1. Task 38 Greenhouse Gas Balances of Biomass and Bioenergy Systems Ken Byrne, Department of Environmental Resource Management, University College Dublin

  2. Participating Countries 1/2 NationalCountry Team Leader Institution • Australia A. Cowie State Forests New South Wales • Austria B. Schlamadinger Joanneum Research • Canada T. Hatton Canadian Forest Service, NRCan • Croatia S. Fijan- Parlov EKONERG • Denmark N. Heding Danish Forest and Landscape Research Inst. • Finland I. Savolainen VTT- Processes K. Pingoud VTT- Processes • Ireland K. Byrne University College Dublin

  3. Participating Countries 1/2 Country National TeamInstitution Leader New Zealand K. Robertson Forest Research Norway B. Solberg Agricultural University of Norway Sweden L. Gustavsson Mid Sweden University The Netherlands K. Kwant NOVEM A. Faiij Utrecht University United Kingdom R. Matthews Forestry Commission Research Agency USA M. Ringer National Renewable Energy Laboratory

  4. Objectives – scientific • Develop, compare and make available • models for assessing GHG balances • Assess the life cycle GHG balance of • bioenergy and C sequestration systems • Analyze the country and regional potential of • bioenergy, afforestation and other biomass based mitigation strategies • Identify and analyze synergies between • afforestation and other land based activities for carbon sequestration and enhanced bioenergy use

  5. Objectives – implementation • Aid decision makers • in selecting mitigation strategies that optimize GHG benefits • Assist in the implementation • of LULUCF articles of the Kyoto Protocol • Contribute to work • of the IPCC/OECD/IEA related to GHG inventories involving carbon sequestration, wood products, or bioenergy • Contribute to the development • of international standards for GHG accounting and verification in LULUCF sectors

  6. Work Scope 1/2 • Systems-analytical assessment of GHG (CO2, CH4, N2O) balances, flows, stocks, emissions in biomass production, biomass conversion and carbon sequestration systems. • Carbon pools include: above and below-ground biomass, litter and woody debris, soils, wood products, fossil fuel reservoirs.

  7. Work Scope 2/2 • Investigation of trade-offs within and among these systems • Analysis on short-term vs. long-term mitigation effects, considering the time value of carbon • Cost / benefit analysis of GHG mitigation through biotic options • Involvement of industrial participants with a view on implementing biomass-based GHG mitigation projects

  8. Task 38 work (2001 – 2003) • Completed work: • Frequently Asked Questions paper • Task 38 Folder • Current and upcoming work: • Country reports • Case Studies • Country Specific Baselines • Soil Carbon and Bioenergy • Biofuel Trade

  9. Country Reports • Background information on the general energy system and GHG emissions, on bioenergy systems and on national LULUCF situation • Bioenergy and carbon sequestration policies and measures at national, regional and local levels • Bioenergy and carbon sequestration implementation projects and research programmes

  10. Case Studies 1/2 • Apply the ‘standard methodology’ to actual bioenergy and/or C sequestration projects • Assess and compare GHG balances of different projects • Compare to fossil energy systems • Recommendations for optimizations • 7 in participating countries

  11. Case Studies 2/2 • Australia: GHG balance of 2 bioenergy systems (coal co-firing biomass, wood fired plant) from timber plantations; • Canada: GHG balance of small pyrolysis plant for bio-Oil production using sawmill residues and thinnings; • Finland and Sweden: GHG balances of increased use of construction wood and of biomass-fired CHP plants; • Ireland: GHG budgets of peat use for energy in Ireland • New Zealand: GHG balance of a bioenergy CHP plant using sawmill residues (in comparison to natural gas); • UK: GHG balances of 2 small scaleheat systems, using conventional forestry and Miscanthus; • Croatia: GHG reduction potential by biodiesel in context of Joint Implementation; • USA: GHG reduction potential by anaerobic digestion.

  12. Key activities 1/2 • Online Bibliography: Greenhouse Gas Balances of Bioenergy, Forestry, Wood Products, Land Use, and Land-Use Change • Standard Methodology for GHG Balances of Bioenergy Systems (Biomass and Bioenergy) • Position paper: The Role of Bioenergy in Greenhouse Gas Mitigation

  13. Key activities 2/2 • Project-based Greenhouse Gas Accounting: Guiding Principles with a Focus on Baselines and Additionality (Energy Policy) • Task Website (new structure under development) • Posters, overheads • Semi-annual workshops • Workshop Proceedings electronic and hard copy

  14. Standard Methodology • Carbon stock dynamics • Trade-offs and synergies • Permanence • Emission factors • Efficiency • Up stream energy inputs • By-products • Leakage • Other GHG’s

  15. Workshop Topics 1/2 • Carbon accounting and emissions trading related to bioenergy, wood products and carbon sequestration. • Land-Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry: the road to COP6 • Carbon sequestration and energy balance models • Bioenergy for mitigation of CO2 emissions: the power, transportation and industrial sectors

  16. Workshop Topics 2/2 • The role of bioenergy in achieving the targets stipulated in the Kyoto Protocol • Effects of the Kyoto Protocol on forestry and bioenergy projects for GHG mitigation • Forestry, Forest Products and Energy • Biofuel Trade (jointly with Task 35)

  17. Task 38 Greenhouse Gas Balances of Biomass and Bioenergy Systems www.joanneum.at/iea-bioenergy-task38

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