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Museum Entrance

Welcome to the Museum of Cold War Technology & Science. Museum Entrance. Space Race United States. Arms Race. Space Race Soviet Union. Inventions. Medical Advances. Curator’s Offices. Nicole Ames. Place your picture here.

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Museum Entrance

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  1. Welcome to the Museum of Cold War Technology & Science Museum Entrance Space Race United States Arms Race Space Race Soviet Union Inventions Medical Advances Curator’s Offices

  2. Nicole Ames Place your picture here. I am a college graduate and I work at Google. I own a pharmaceutical company and manage three different Mc Donald's. group1coldwar@gmail.com Return to Entry Note: Virtual museums were first introduced by educators at Keith Valley Middle School in Horsham, Pennsylvania. This template was designed by Dr. Christy Keeler. View the Educational Virtual Museums website for more information on this instructional technique.

  3. Space Race: Soviet Union Room 1 Return to Entry

  4. Space Race: United States Room 2 Return to Entry

  5. Arms Race Room 3 Return to Entry

  6. Medical Technology Room 4 Return to Entry

  7. Inventions Room 5 Return to Entry

  8. Artifact 1: Sputnik Sputnik was the first ever satellite to orbit the earth, let alone the first foreign object to orbit the earth. It was launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957. The launching of Sputnik caught the eye of Americans and began the “Space Race”. It was a 58 centimeter metal sphere with four radio antennas. Sputnik also gave scientists valuable information about our atmosphere, including the density of the upper layers of our atmosphere. Sputnik also provided the first opportunity for meteor detection. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sputnik_1.jpg Return to Exhibit "The Space Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.

  9. Artifact 2: Sputnik 2 Sputnik 2 was the second object put into Earth orbit. It was launched on November 3, 1957 by the Soviet Union. It was also the first thing to ever carry a living thing into orbit, a dog named Laika. It was a cone shaped capsule able to contain the dog and other scientific equipment. Sputnik 2 actually detected Earth’s outer radiation belt, but the elevated radiation was not noticed at that point "The Space Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "Space Rocket History #11 - Sputnik 2 - Laika: The Space Dog." Space Rocket History. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.

  10. Artifact 3: Luna 2 Luna 2 was the first space probe to hit the moon on September 12 1959 and was launched by the Soviet Union. When it reached the Moon it released a cloud of Sodium gas which aided the spacecraft's tracking and was an experiment to see how the gas reacted in space. "Toca Da Cotia |." Toca Da Cotia |. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Apr. 2014 "The Space Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit

  11. Artifact 4: Vostok 1 Vostok 1 was the first human space flight in history, carrying the first ever human in space, Yuri Gagarin. It was launched on April 12, 1961 by the Soviet Union. The flight was a single orbit around the Earth and took 108 minutes from launch to landing. He landed safely on Earth ejecting from the space craft with a parachute. "Bisbos.com." :: SF : Spacecraft: Past: Vostok 1. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "The Space Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.

  12. Artifact 5: NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration act was passed on July 29, 1958. President Eisenhower established NASA to do peaceful scientific research. NASA became operation on October 1, 1958. Many space missions have been led by NASA and currently it is doing much over seeing of the ISS. When it began it had only 8000 employees and a 100 million dollar budget. It had 3 major laboratories; Langley aeronautical laboratory, Ames Aeronautical laboratory, and the Lewis Flight Propulsion laboratory. http://www.artimetre.com/2012/09/19/nasa-a-human-adventure/ Return to Exhibit "The Space Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.

  13. Artifact 6: Explorer 1 Explorer 1 was the first satellite launched by the United States on January 31, 1958. Explorer 1 was under the direction of Dr. Wernher von Braun in response to the Soviet Union launching Sputnik 1. The main reason for Explorer 1 was to measure the radiation environment in Earth orbit using a cosmic ray detector. With the information they had received they found the existence of the radiation belt around the Earth. "Explorer 1 - Earth Missions - NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory - NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory." Explorer 1 - Earth Missions - NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory - NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "The Space Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.

  14. Artifact 7: Apollo 8 Apollo 8 launched from Cape Kennedy on December 21, 1968. The astronauts aboard were Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders. Apollo 8 was the first manned space mission to orbit the moon. The astronauts aboard were the first humans to see the moon’s far side. They made 10 revolutions around the Moon and landed safely back to Earth all in good condition. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Apollo_8_Crewmembers_-_GPN-2000-001125.jpg "The Space Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit

  15. Artifact 8: Apollo 11 Apollo 11 was the first manned space mission to land on the Moon. The first steps on the moon were taken on July 20, 1969 by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. They collected samples of moon specimen for further research on the Moon to take back to Earth. They also took many pictures of the region, did a Solar Wind Composition Experiment, and a deployment of a Laser-Ranging Retroflector. The astronauts safely returned back to Earth both in good health. Apollo 11 was definitely a big leap for the United States in the Space Race and opened a whole new world to future space expeditions. "Science Buzz." Apollo 11. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "The Space Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.

  16. Artifact 9: Hydrogen Bomb In May of 1956 the United States detonated a hydrogen bomb over Bikini Atoll by a B-52 bomber and exploded at 15,000 feet. It was estimated to be 15 megatons. One megaton is equivalent to about 1 million tons of TNT. The light from the explosion was 500 times brighter than the sun and the explosion was 4 miles in diameter. The success of the hydrogen bomb testing put them in a good spot in the arms race ahead of the Soviet Union. "World War III." Drunken Gopher. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "The Nuclear Arms Race." The Nuclear Arms Race. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.

  17. Artifact 10: TSAR Bomba The Tu-95 or TSAR Bomba was released on October 23, 1961 by a soviet pilot names A. E, Durnovtsev. The bomb was created in just fourteen weeks and weighed 27 metric ton, it was also a type of Hydrogen bomb. The bomb made atomic history because of its enormous size. To this day it is the largest nuclear weapon that has ever been detonated. The “mushroom” part of the bomb reached heights seven times of the height of Mount Everest. It was released in the Arctic Ocean above the Novaya Island. The island surface was leveled as a result and the rocks melted. Return to Exhibit "FNCV Infos Et Actualités Des Combattants Volontaires." Armenent Nucleaire : Essai De La "Tsar Bomb" Atomique 50 Mégatonnes En URSS ! -. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. "Arms Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.

  18. Artifact 11: ICMB An ICMB or inter- continental ballistic missile was designed to deliver nuclear weapons and was immune to defensive measures. It was able to reach either the Soviet Union or the United States. It had an intercontinental range so to speak. The United States had low funding for ICMB production until they came up with new and improved lighter bombs, at that point pushing to make more ICMB. The Unites States created many ICMB’s including Atlas and Titian, both liquid fueled. "ICBM (Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles) in Washington State." HistoryLink.org- the Free Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "Arms Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.

  19. Artifact 12: B52 B-52 is an aircraft that is able to carry bombs and in other words is a “bomber”. It was produced in the year of 1955 and it was used by the United States during the Cold War as a nuclear deterrent, or to discourage the soviet union during the arms race. It is able to hold five people and can reach speeds up to 595 miles per hour. This aircraft was also used during the Vietnam war and is still used today and more recently in Iraq. http://images.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=b52&source=images&cd=&docid=VrgD6brLBpnoAM&tbnid=pm0CSaik2ZXUFM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBoeing_B-52_ "Arms Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit

  20. Artifact 13:Heart Lung Machine The Heart lung machine or Cardiopulmonary bypass is a technique that takes control of maintaining the circulation of blood and oxygen in the body. These are used in most heart surgeries today. A soviet scientist, Sergei Brukhonenko made the first heart lung machine in 1926. However, on April 5, 1951 Dr. Clarence Dennis led a team that conducted the first known surgery that used the heart lung machine. It was not successful but, on July 3, 1952 Forest Dodrill preformed the first successful surgery using the heart lung machine. This was a crucial invention for future medical research and surgeries. Return to Exhibit "CANopen in a Heart-lung Machine." CAN in Automation (CiA): Heart-lung Machine. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. "Medical Changes from 1945." Medical Changes from 1945. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.

  21. Artifact 14: Artificial Heart The first artificial heart or the Dodrill-GMR heart, was invented by Dr. Forest Dodrill and was successfully inserted it into Henry Opitek on July 3, 1952. It kept him alive for only 152 days but was a great leap forward into new medical research. In 1982 however, Robert Jarvik preformed the first successful artificial heart called the Jarvik-7. An artificial heart is usually used to pass time between getting an actual heart transplant or it can act as a permanent heart. "Papworth Hospital Transplant Services." Papworth Hospital. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "Medical Changes from 1945." Medical Changes from 1945. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.

  22. Artifact 15: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Cardiopulmonary resuscitation or CPR is a life saving skill today practiced throughout the world. It is the only known method to keep someone alive until further treatment who has undergone cardiac arrest. In 1954, James Elam was the first person to demonstrate CPR was a sound technique. He was a respiratory researcher and even wrote a book about CPR. CPR is a very important skill people should know and it can save many lives. Today it is used in many emergency situations that happen everyday. "Eocpr.com." Eocprcom RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "Atomic Medicine: The Cold War Origins of Biological Research." History Today. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.

  23. Artifact 16: Glucose Meter 1962 In 1962 the first glucose meter was invented by Leland Clark and Ann Lyons at the Cincinnati Children's Hospital. A glucose meter is supposed to measure the amount of glucose concentrated in your blood. It has become a very beneficial tool to those who have diabetes or hypoglycemia. "SweetSpot - The Beginnings of a Glucose Meter Downloader (Channel 9)." Comment. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014 Return to Exhibit "Atomic Medicine: The Cold War Origins of Biological Research." History Today. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.

  24. Artifact 17: Tupperware In 1946 a new invention was born by Earl Tupper, and American chemist. He worked with different polymers and found that purifying black polyethylene slag could create a flexible and tough substance that was translucent. They did not become commercial until a women named Brownie Wise started hosting Tupperware parties in 1951. "Redirect Notice." Redirect Notice. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "Tupperware." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Apr. 2014. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.

  25. Artifact 18:Ice Resurfacer The ice Resurfacer was created in 1949 by Frank Zamboni. A Zamboni is used to smooth the surface of an ice rink or any sheet of ice. Frank developed this because he had owned his own skating rink in Paramount, California. With four to five workers having to scrape and clean the ice by hand, very time consuming at that, he decided to develop this machine. "Resurfice Corporation." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Apr. 2014. Web. 22 Apr. 2014 Return to Exhibit "Ice Resurfacer." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 16 Apr. 2014. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.

  26. Artifact 19: Airbags The airbag was created in 1952 by John W. Hetrick. After his family having a bad car accident he began to come up with ideas for compressed air stored in a container that would spring out when the car decelerated at a fast enough rate. The airbag protects passengers from a head on collision and can potentially save you from dying. Hetrick officially received a patent on his new invention on August 5, 1952. "Pioneer Car Subwoofer: Airbag." Ads of the World™. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "Airbag." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 25 Apr. 2014. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.

  27. Artifact 20: Zipper Storage Bag The Ziploc storage bag was patented on May 18, 1954 by Robert Vergobbi. Ziploc storage bags today are crucial items for everyday Americans and are used for food, electronics, and other various things to keep in a safe and waterproof bag. The bags were actually not introduced to consumers until 1968 with Dow Chemical Company. "Ziploc." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Apr. 2014. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. "Ziploc." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Apr. 2014. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit

  28. Artifact 21: Mobile Phone In 1973 the first mobile phone was made by Martin Cooper. The mobile phone is a crucial part of American culture today and many people cant live without it. However, in the beginning of mobile phones, radios frequencies were low in many areas which made it difficult to make phone calls. They eventually solved this problem by creating small cell areas that share the same frequencies. The first phone call was made on June 17, 1946 in St. Louis, Missouri. "Is Your Company Focused on the Old Web Instead of the Mobile Web?" Xraydelta. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "Mobile Phone." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Apr. 2014. Web. 25 Apr. 2014.

  29. Artifact 22: Space Shuttle In 1981, NASA launched its first reusable space crafts, the space shuttle. These are for orbital human spaceflight missions. It provides a way to rotate crew in and out of the ISS or international space station, and can recover satellites and bring them back to Earth. It was also able to be at a low earth orbit meaning the orbit around Earth was very short, only about 90 minutes long. George Mueller was largely credited for overseeing the Space Shuttle program. "Space Shuttle Orbiter." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Apr. 2014. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. Return to Entrance

  30. Artifact 23: Lunar Module The Lunar Modules first flight was on January 22, 1968, using a Saturn V rocket. It was built for the Apollo program and was the landing portion of the whole spacecraft. This was crucial for any of our space flights to the moon and without it w would have never gone to the moon. The project engineer for the Lunar Module was Tom Kelly and invents and designed it successfully. "Apollo Lunar Module." Apollo Lunar Module. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. "3D Puzzle Apollo Lunar Module." 3D Puzzle Apollo Lunar Module. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. Return to Entrance

  31. Back Wall Artifact: Global Navigation Satellite System The first successful GNSS took orbit on April 13, 1960 by a Thor-Ablestar rocket. These satellites have small electronic receivers to determine their location within few meters using time signals by a line of site by radio from satellites in outer space. This all allows us to calculate our current location. These were very important when it came to GPS. "GNSS Applications." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Apr. 2014. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. Return to Exhibit "Facilitating EU-Asia Industrial Cooperation on Satellite Navigation Applications." Why GALILEO. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.

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