Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computer Concepts: Hardware and Software

1. Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computer Concepts: Hardware and Software Winter 2003 UC Santa Cruz Instructor: Guy Cox

2. Assignments • Details on the class web page: • http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe003/Winter03/ • TAs • Chunxiao Zhou (chunxiao@soe.ucsc.edu) • Dat Nguyen (dhnguyen@cats.ucsc.edu) • Sections • Monday – 4 – 6 PM, Oakes #205 • Tuesday – 4 – 6 PM, Oakes #205 • Friday – 10 – 12 AM, Oakes #205

3. 2nd Homework:Due January 22, 2003 • Web Search Exercise • See class web page for details • http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe003/Winter03/

4. Computer Systems • Computer • CPU • Memory • Peripheral equipment • Connected to the computer by a cable • Input, output, storage

5. Network • Definition • A system that uses communication equipment to connect computers and their resources. • Types • Local area network (LAN) – connects computers in close proximity • Metropolitan area network (MAN) – connect computers between buildings in the same geographic area • Wide area network (WAN) – connects computers over great distances

6. Home Connectivity • Connect home PC to other computers • (Usually via an ISP) • Use modem to convert signals between electronic (computer) and analog (voice) formats • Dial-up modem • ADSL modem • Cable modem

7. Connects Everyone! • Individuals • Businesses • Organizations • Libraries • Research labs • Government Internet • Collection of networks • No ownership • No central source for services available • No comprehensive index of what information is available

8. Getting Connected • User’s computer must connect to a server • Server must communicate using TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) • The user can purchase access to a server from an ISP (Internet Service Provider)

9. Internet – What Can You Do? • WWW – World Wide Web • FTP (File Transfer Protocol) • E-mail • UseNet (news groups) • IRC (Internet Relay Chat), MUDs (Multi-user Domains), Moos (MUD Object Oriented) • Bulletin Boards

10. World Wide Web • Browser – program that allows the user to move around and explore the Internet • Use the mouse to point and click on text and graphics • Terminology: • Web site • Home page • Web page

11. Classifications of Computers • Use the computer that fits your needs • Based upon • Size • Speed • Cost • Portability • Number of simultaneous users supported • Available software • Typical use

12. Personal Computers • Other names • PC • Microcomputer • Home computer • Categories • Low-end functional • Fully powered • Workstations • Net computer or net box (Web TV) • Desktop Models • Separate CPU tower, monitor and keyboard

13. Portable Computers • Notebooks • Lightweight • Fits in a briefcase • Battery operated • Laptops • Larger • Heavier • More expensive than desktop models

14. Handheld Computers • Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) • Scheduling • Addresses • Handwritten input • May offer wireless e-mail and fax • Pocket PC • More power than PDA • Runs basic productivity software

15. Other Types of Computers • Client/Servers • client processes requesting service from server processes • clients and servers running on the appropriate hardware and software • Mainframes • High speed • More expensive • Used to process large amounts of data quickly • Transaction processing • Support multiple users • Does server tasks • Supercomputers • Fastest speed • Most expensive

16. OPERATING SYSTEMSSoftware in the Background Chapter 2 Part a Operating Systems

17. Objectives of Chapter 2 • Describe the functions of an Operating System • Explain the basics of a personal computer operating system • Describe the advantages of a graphical operating system • Differentiate among different operating systems • Explain the need for network operating systems • Describe the methods of resource allocation on large computers • Be able to describe the differences among multiprocessing, multiprogramming, and timesharing • Explain the principles of memory management • List several functions typically performed by utility programs

18. Operating System: Hidden Software • Definition – provides access to all resources • Kernel • Manages the operating system • Memory resident • Loads set of programs that lies between applications software and the hardware • Fundamental software that controls non-resident portions of the OS as needed • Booting – Loads the kernel into memory

19. Systems Software • Definition: • All programs related to coordinating computer operations • Components • Operating System • Utility programs • Program language translators

20. Functions of OS • Manage the computer’s resources • CPU • Memory • Disk drives • Printers • Establish a user interface • Execute and provide services for applications software • Carries out all input and output operation

21. User Interface • Facilitates communication between the user and the operating system • Two forms • Command line • Text-based • Key commands • Examples: MS-DOS, Unix • Graphical user interface (GUI) (pronounced “gooey”) • Visual images • Menus • Examples: X Windows (UNIX), MS Windows, Mac OS

22. Platform • Definition: Computer hardware and operating system software that dictate what other software can run • Wintel (Windows/Intel) Intel-based PC running MS Windows • SPARC (Sun Microsystems) Sun based architecture running Solaris (UNIX)

23. OS is Hidden • User interested in application software to make the PC useful • Application software is platform specific • User must be aware of the type of OS • User should be aware of the functions of OS

24. Types of OS’s • Interface • Command Line, GUI • Single User • PC, MAC • Multi-user • UNIX, Linux, Mainframe (Proprietary) • Network(ed) Operating System (NOS)

25. MS-DOS • Command-line interface – ala UNIX • Prompt – system is waiting for you to do something • Type in a command • Not user-friendly