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Environmental History

Environmental History. EE2. “The history of humanity’s relationships to the environment provides many important lessons that can help us deal with today’s environmental problems and not repeat past mistakes.” -G. Miller. Environmental History. _________ years ago → hunter-gatherers

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Environmental History

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  1. Environmental History EE2

  2. “The history of humanity’s relationships to the environment provides many important lessons that can help us deal with today’s environmental problems and not repeat past mistakes.” -G. Miller Environmental History

  3. _________ years ago → hunter-gatherers • 10,000-12,000 years ago → agricultural revolution • 275 years ago → ___________________ • 50 years ago → information and globalization revolution Major human cultural changes

  4. Given us much more energy and new technologies with which to alter and control more of the planet to meet our basic needs and _________________. Cultural changes have

  5. Allowed expansion of the human population, mostly because of increased _________________and longer life spans. Cultural changes have:

  6. Increased our environmental impact because of increased resource use, pollution, and __________________________________. Cultural changes have:

  7. Tribal Era Up to early 1600s

  8. 60,000 year existence • Collecting edible wild plant parts, hunting, fishing, and scavenging for meat • Worked together to get enough food to survive • Many were ________ • Expert knowledge and understanding of their natural surroundings. Hunter-gatherers

  9. Which plants and animals could be eaten and used as medicines. • Where to find water. • How plant availability changed throughout the year. • How some game animals migrated to _________________. Hunter-gatherer discoveries

  10. Had very little impact on their environment and local ecosystems. • Were part of the ecosystem, just like other animals and plants. • Did not try to control the environment. They learned to _____________. Hunter-gatherers

  11. Had a ___________ impact on the environment. Advanced hunter-gatherers

  12. Used more advanced tools and fire to convert forests into _______________. Advanced hunter-gatherers

  13. Contributed to the ____________ of some large animals. • E.g. mastodon, sabor-toothed tiger, giant sloth, cave bear, mammoth, and giant bison. Advanced hunter-gatherers

  14. Altered the distribution of plants and animals feeding on such plants as they carried seeds and ____________________________. Advanced hunter-gatherers

  15. Exploited their environment, but _____________________________. Early and advanced hunter-gatherers

  16. __________________________________ • Low resource use per person • Migration; allowed natural processes to repair most of the damage • Lack of technology that could have expanded impact. Limited impact

  17. North America occupied by 5-10 million tribal people. • Until European settlers arrived in early 1600’s. • Native Americans were ______________. Tribal Era

  18. Native Americans • Deep respect for the land and animals • Did not believe in ______________. • Burned and cleared fields, planted crops. Tribal Era

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