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Chapter 20 Notes: Part I

Chapter 20 Notes: Part I. Acids and Bases. What are some common acids?. Vinegar (acetic acid) Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) Citrus fruits (citric acid) Car battery (sulfuric acid). What are some common bases?. Milk of magnesia (an antacid containing magnesium hydroxide)

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Chapter 20 Notes: Part I

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  1. Chapter 20 Notes: Part I Acids and Bases

  2. What are some common acids? • Vinegar (acetic acid) • Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid) • Citrus fruits (citric acid) • Car battery (sulfuric acid)

  3. What are some common bases? • Milk of magnesia (an antacid containing magnesium hydroxide) • Many cleaning products (ammonia, etc)

  4. What properties do acids have? Acids tend to be: • Tart or sour tasting • Electrolytes (in solution) • They can cause chemical dyes (called indicators) to change colors

  5. What properties do bases have? Bases tend to be: • Bitter tasting • Slippery feeling when touched • Able to neutralize an acid • Also electrolytes (in solution)

  6. What is an acid? • An acid is a compound that produces hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. • The formula would be HaX, where X is any monatomic or polyatomic anion and a is the anion’s charge.

  7. Naming an Acid • When the name of the anion (X) ends in –ide, the name begins with hydro-, then the stem of the anion, then the name ends with –ic acid instead of -ide. • ex) HCl is hydrochloric acid

  8. Naming an Acid • When the name of the ion ends in –ite, then the name would be the stem of the anion and the suffix –ous acid instead of –ite. • H2SO3 is sulfurous acid

  9. Naming an Acid • When the name of the ion ends in –ate, then the name would be the stem of the anion and the suffix –ic acid instead of-ate. • H2SO4 is sulfuric acid

  10. Naming an Acid Negative ion: Acid Name: _____ ide hydro___ic acid _____ ite _____ous acid _____ ate _____ic acid

  11. What is a base? • A base is a compound that produces hydroxide (OH-) ions when in solution. • Bases are named the same way that an ionic compound would be named. • NaOH is sodium Hydroxide

  12. Name the following acids and bases: • HClO3 • H3PO4 • HF • HNO3 • KOH • Ba(OH)2 • H3PO3

  13. Name the following acids and bases: • HClO3chloric acid • H3PO4 • HF • HNO3 • KOH • Ba(OH)2 • H3PO3

  14. Name the following acids and bases: • HClO3chloric acid • H3PO4 phosphoric acid • HF • HNO3 • KOH • Ba(OH)2 • H3PO3

  15. Name the following acids and bases: • HClO3chloric acid • H3PO4 phosphoric acid • HF hydrofluoric acid • HNO3 • KOH • Ba(OH)2 • H3PO3

  16. Name the following acids and bases: • HClO3chloric acid • H3PO4 phosphoric acid • HF hydrofluoric acid • HNO3 nitric acid • KOH • Ba(OH)2 • H3PO3

  17. Name the following acids and bases: • HClO3chloric acid • H3PO4 phosphoric acid • HF hydrofluoric acid • HNO3 nitric acid • KOH potassium hydroxide • Ba(OH)2 • H3PO3

  18. Name the following acids and bases: • HClO3chloric acid • H3PO4 phosphoric acid • HF hydrofluoric acid • HNO3 nitric acid • KOH potassium hydroxide • Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide • H3PO3

  19. Name the following acids and bases: • HClO3chloric acid • H3PO4 phosphoric acid • HF hydrofluoric acid • HNO3 nitric acid • KOH potassium hydroxide • Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide • H3PO3 phosphorous acid

  20. Write the formula for the following: • hydroiodic acid • calcium hydroxide • nitrous acid • ammonium hydroxide • nitric acid • hydrobromic acid • phosphoric acid

  21. Write the formula for the following: • hydroiodic acid HI • calcium hydroxide • nitrous acid • ammonium hydroxide • nitric acid • hydrobromic acid • phosphoric acid

  22. Write the formula for the following: • hydroiodic acid HI • calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 • nitrous acid • ammonium hydroxide • nitric acid • hydrobromic acid • phosphoric acid

  23. Write the formula for the following: • hydroiodic acid HI • calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 • nitrous acid HNO2 • ammonium hydroxide • nitric acid • hydrobromic acid • phosphoric acid

  24. Write the formula for the following: • hydroiodic acid HI • calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 • nitrous acid HNO2 • ammonium hydroxide NH4OH • nitric acid • hydrobromic acid • phosphoric acid

  25. Write the formula for the following: • hydroiodic acid HI • calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 • nitrous acid HNO2 • ammonium hydroxide NH4OH • nitric acid HNO3 • hydrobromic acid • phosphoric acid

  26. Write the formula for the following: • hydroiodic acid HI • calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 • nitrous acid HNO2 • ammonium hydroxide NH4OH • nitric acid HNO3 • hydrobromic acid HBr • phosphoric acid

  27. Write the formula for the following: • hydroiodic acid HI • calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 • nitrous acid HNO2 • ammonium hydroxide NH4OH • nitric acid HNO3 • hydrobromic acid HBr • phosphoric acid H3PO4

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