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MINIATURE UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE

MINIATURE UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE. Team MUAV 2. The Project. Goals: To design and manufacture a relatively cheap, feasible and revolutionary aircraft with versatile control capabilities. Flight Lift off & Landing Propulsion for added flight time Stability & Control

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MINIATURE UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE

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  1. MINIATUREUNMANNEDAERIALVEHICLE

  2. Team MUAV2

  3. The Project • Goals: To design and manufacture a relatively cheap, feasible and revolutionary aircraft with versatile control capabilities. • Flight • Lift off & Landing • Propulsion for added flight time • Stability & Control • Powerful Maneuverability • Air Flow through counter-rotating ducted fans • Gear & Cam System • Wireless/Remote Control System • User Friendly GUI • - Integration of Electronic Devices

  4. Limitations • Monetary • - Knowledge & Experience • - Facilities (construction & testing) • - TIME

  5. Current Project Status • As of this date, we feel that we have studied the pros and cons of different MUAV designs enough to decide on a particular design. • This design is to be considered our current Frozen design. • We have purchased the pusher and tractor props for the MUAV and will be obtaining our engine within this week. • We are currently working towards developing a complete mathematical analysis of each sub-assembly. • This is to enable us to understand the innermost working of the different assemblies.

  6. Frozen Design

  7. Frozen Design

  8. Isometric View

  9. Front View Tail View

  10. Side View

  11. Exploded Design Views – Different Sub-Assemblies LGA CFA SWA RFA

  12. Central Fan Assembly - CFA

  13. Central Fan Assembly - CFA CFA standalone shaft CFA standalone shaft explosion

  14. (m, U, p, A)1 3 4 (m, U, p, A)4 Central Fan Assembly - CFA Basic Principles and Assumptions • Isentropic Flow • Incompressible Flow (except at fan) • MUAV is moving at relatively low speeds • Exit flow exhausts to ambient pressure • Change in temperature is negligible • Change in height is negligible • There is no heat addition Control Volume 1 2

  15. Conclusion • By substituting equation (8) into equation (5) for V4 we get thrust as a function of power, if the density, exit area and mass flow rate are known. (9)

  16. MINIATUREUNMANNEDAERIALVEHICLE Central Fan Assembly - CFA Theory – Vibration Analysis & Stability m1 F CM l1 g θ l2 m2 g

  17. MINIATUREUNMANNEDAERIALVEHICLE Central Fan Assembly - CFA Theory – Vibration Analysis & Stability Linear Momentum Equation: Angular Momentum Equation: Frequency of Oscillations:

  18. MINIATUREUNMANNEDAERIALVEHICLE Central Fan Assembly - CFA Theory – Vibration Analysis & Stability • Conclusion: • As m2l2 m1l1, motion  ∞ • Stability  m1l1  m2l2

  19. Central Fan Assembly - CFA Gearing Calculations

  20. MINIATUREUNMANNEDAERIALVEHICLE Central Fan Assembly - CFA Gearing Calculations Bevel Gears Tooth Load: W = SFY 600 (.75) P 600 + V S = Safe Material Stress F = Face Width (in.) Y = Tooth Form Factor P = Diametral Pitch D = Pitch Diameter V = Pitch Line Velocity Safe Horsepower : HP = W V 33,000 Gear Thrust : T = 126,050 x HP tan a cos b RPM x D

  21. MINIATUREUNMANNEDAERIALVEHICLE Central Fan Assembly - CFA Gearing Calculations Maximum Values

  22. Rear Fan Assembly - RFA Stepper Motor Rudder Shaft Rear ducted Fan Rudder

  23. Rear Fan Assembly - RFA Weight: 73 gramsDuct Diameter: 63.9mm (2.52") Info from http://www.balsapr.com

  24. Rear Fan Assembly - RFA

  25. (0, r, 0) (z) (0, 0, 0) (y) (0, -r, 0) (x) (r, 0, -h) (2r) (h) Rear Fan Assembly - RFA Incoming air into duct

  26. Rear Fan Assembly - RFA • The length and rudder curvature calculations were performed on the semi-cylindrical portion of the external add-on duct. • Using the three point form of the equation of a plane, the equation of the frustrum is derived to be  hx + rz = 0 • Finally parametrizing the curve and placing the curved surface such that it is located in a amore convenient plane, we get:

  27. Rear Fan Assembly - RFA L • The length of the tongue (measured down the center of the face) could then be obtained by setting t = r. Further calculations would provide the best duct to rudder fit contour to prevent the loss of thrust due to loss of air moving through the rudder cross-section.

  28. Landing Gear Assembly - LGA • Engine Support • Holds the engine in place • Prevents vibration • 222 Fiberglass Composite • 1/4 “ Foam Core • Attached to vehicle with strong composite adhesive

  29. Landing Gear Assembly - LGA • Vehicle Support • Supports entire vehicle • Balsa wood rods wrapped in 222 Fiberglass composite • Flat Composite plate at end for attachment • Spongy Material at bottom end for cushioned landing • 3 rods spaced 120 degrees apart at equal distances • Attached to vehicle with strong composite adhesive

  30. Stress calculation in vehicle support Landing Gear Assembly - LGA W 15o 7/16” Dia L Wy Cross-section Wx 75o R

  31. Landing Gear Assembly - LGA Wy Resolve weight and reaction forces into axial components for stress analysis Wx L Rx Ry

  32. Landing Gear Assembly - LGA Material Choices

  33. Shroud & Wing Assembly - SWA Shroud Aerodynamics

  34. Shroud & Wing Assembly - SWA Shroud Aerodynamics • Test to find the experimental lift and drag coefficients of the outer shroud.

  35. Shroud & Wing Assembly - SWA

  36. Shroud & Wing Assembly - SWA Shroud Aerodynamics • Summary of Lift and Drag data collected for an angle of attach of zero at different free-stream velocities and Reynolds numbers.

  37. Shroud & Wing Assembly - SWA Materials • Carbon-Fiber composite for outer body • will withstand tensile and bending loads • provide an outer aerodynamic surface • Foam for inner body • will withstand shear forces • will also hold the internal components in place

  38. Communications Circuitry Camera Assembly Microcontroller Circuitry

  39. MINIATUREUNMANNEDAERIALVEHICLE We Got Power!! • Battery Supply #1 (Onboard Electronics) • VARTA 9V Ni-MH Rechargeable • 150 mAh, 46 grams • Battery Supply #2 (Rear Fan Assembly) • Kokam 7.4V Li-Poly Pack • 1500mAh, 81grams AMAZING!!! • Can deliver up to 12A continuously • Sensors • MAX 1259 Battery Monitor • Power Control • 7800 Series Regulators • 7805 for electronics (+5V) • 7812 for communication devices (+12V) • Maintenance • Battery Charger NB:- A small circuit board will incorporate all IC’s and other electronic components.

  40. Engine is Fuel Powered 2 Separate Battery Packs High Flexibility. Best suited for ECE & MAE Teams MINIATUREUNMANNEDAERIALVEHICLE The Power Grid

  41. ECE Control

  42. Microcontroller

  43. Feedback Device - Camera St 100

  44. Forward Thrust Back Flaps to the left Back Flaps to the right Up Down User Interface

  45. Plan and Schedule • Major Tasks Completed • Concept of Final Design • Final Design CAD Drawings • Components • Thrust Factor • Hand-drawn Sketches of Final Design • Sponsorship Letter • Acquisition of room for MUAV Design Project purposes • Minor Tasks Completed • Updated Budget • Updated Gantt Chart

  46. Plan and Schedule • Major Upcoming Tasks • Acquire sponsorships • Completed Mathematical Model • Acquire parts • Building of Prototype MUAV craft • Minor Upcoming Tasks • Machine Shop Training

  47. Task List (Fall Gantt)

  48. Task List (Spring Gantt)

  49. Nominal Budget

  50. Minimal Budget

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