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Introduction to Semantics in Language Analysis

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Understand the basics of semantics and predicates in language with examples. Learn about referring expressions, predicators, and degree of predicates to enhance your linguistic knowledge.

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Introduction to Semantics in Language Analysis

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  1. Topic 3: predicates Introduction to Semantics

  2. Definition • Any word which can function as the predicator of a sentence. • Predicators • The parts which are not referring expressions • Nouns, verbs, adjectives, preposition • NOT conjunctions (and, but, or, so), articles (a, the) • A predicate can only have one sense in a sentence. • A word may have multiple senses.

  3. Semantic elements of a simple declarative sentence • Referring expressions = arguments • Predicator = predicate • Example: • Romeo loves Juliet. • Arguments=Romeo, Juliet • Predicate=love

  4. Grammatical vs. semantic analysis

  5. Degree of a predicate • The degree of a predicate is determined by the number of arguments • One-place predicate • Requires one argument • John kicks. • Two-place predicate • Requires two arguments • John kicks the ball.

  6. How do we talk about the non-existent things? • Can language be used to talk about an unreal imaginative world? • Harry Potter • Narnia

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