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1. How to use your to beat global warmingUniversity aims to shame ministers into tougher action Ian Sample, science correspondent - Wednesday August 27, 2003A group of scientists in East Anglia has launched an ambitious campaign to tackle the threat of global warming in an effort to shame ministers into stronger action on climate change. The task they have set themselves is formidable: to slash the region's emissions of carbon dioxide in half the time the government believes is possible. At first glance, the project, known as Cred, for carbon reduction, might easily be dismissed as well-meaning nonsense. But the team behind it, Keith Tovey and his colleagues at the University of East Anglia, belong to the most prestigious environmental science department in the country. "If anyone is going to do this, they will," said Dennis Thouless whose Norwich-based company, Global Commodities, collects used cooking oil from local businesses and turns it into fuel. The Cred project was set up in response to the government's white paper on energy, published in February. "The government pledged that they would be pushing to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 60% by the year 2050," Dr Tovey said. "It looked impressive and sounded good, but didn't give any clues on how to do it. To put it bluntly, there were too many agendas being thrown around." The result was a statement of high intention that lacked any practical guidance. Growing frustration at the government's dithering has spurred Dr Tovey's team into action. They have taken the government's stated target of 60% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, which according to the royal commission on environmental pollution is vital to avoid the adverse effects of climate change, and pledged that East Anglia would meet it in half the time. "If we can show that the people here can achieve this target by 2025, we can turn around and say to everybody else, 'What's your excuse?'" Dr Tovey said. Enthusiasm for the project has snowballed. Local businesses have submitted themselves to scrutiny, to see how much electricity they are wasting. School children have had crash courses in saving energy. Night classes have been set up to teach people the fine art of making solar cells that, strapped to their roofs, will give hot water. Others have gone one step further and installed silicon-based panels on their roofs that convert sunlight into electricity. Dr Tovey is talking to the Diocese of Norwich to try to get the Anglican church on board. "East Anglia has more than 600 churches," he said. "Because churches are all built running east to west, it means they've got a huge area of roof that's facing south, so they're perfect for catching the sun." "It would be very hard not to agree with the aims of the Cred project," said the Rev Jan MacFarlane, the Bishop of Norwich's chaplain. "And if there's a possibility of generating some income, why not?" But Dr Tovey knows that slashing carbon dioxide in East Anglia will have little impact on global climate change. The people of East Anglia produce 6.5m tonnes of carbon dioxide a year, against the 500m tonnes produced by the UK as a whole. "To make a real difference, the US will have to be doing this, but that will happen when they realise there is money to be made doing this." Word of the project is spreading beyond East Anglia. The Bishop of Herefordhas expressed an interest. A delegation from Japan which visited the Cred team may set up a similar project. The biggest threat to success now, the scientists believe, is that people's enthusiasm dries up as the novelty wears off. Dr Tovey said: "There's always a chance we will fail. But if we fail, it can't be said we haven't tried." Enthusiasm for the project has snowballed. Local businesses have submitted themselves to scrutiny, to see how much electricity they are wasting. School children have had crash courses in saving energy. Night classes have been set up to teach people the fine art of making solar cells that, strapped to their roofs, will give hot water. Others have gone one step further and installed silicon-based panels on their roofs that convert sunlight into electricity. Dr Tovey is talking to the Diocese of Norwich to try to get the Anglican church on board. "East Anglia has more than 600 churches," he said. "Because churches are all built running east to west, it means they've got a huge area of roof that's facing south, so they're perfect for catching the sun." "It would be very hard not to agree with the aims of the Cred project," said the Rev Jan MacFarlane, the Bishop of Norwich's chaplain. "And if there's a possibility of generating some income, why not?" Cred

2. Ida-Anglia näitab maailmale eeskuju süsihappegaasierituse piiramisel27/08/03 07:49:56Arni Alandi Rühm Suurbritannia Ida-Anglia teadlasi algatas suurejoonelise kampaania tulemaks toime üleilmse kliimasoojenemise ohuga ning häbistamaks ministreid, kes kliimamuutuse ärahoidmiseks liiga vähe ette on võtnud. Teadlased on endale püstitanud aukartustäratava ülesande: vähendada piirkonna süsihappegaasi õhkupaiskamist poole lühema aja jooksul valitsuse määratud graafikust. Esmapilgul võib Credi nime kandev projekt tunduda mittemidagiütleva mõttetusena. Ühendkuningriigi teadlased usuvad, et nii see siiski pole, sest projekti taga seisavad väga väärikad ja tunnustatud teadlased. Ida-Anglia ülikooli keskkonnateaduste õppetooli peetakse parimaks omataoliseks kogu Suurbritannias. Kateedrit juhivad Keith Tovey ja tema kolleegid. “Kui keegi nii julge lubaduse täitmisega hakkama saab, siis just Tovey rühm” on Dennis Thouless, firma Global Commodities juht, kindel. Thoulessi firma kogub kohalikelt ettevõtteilt kasutatud toiduõli, et seda autokütuseks töödelda. Cred loodi vastusena valitsuse veebruaris välja antud “valgele energeetikapaberile”. Dokumendis tõotab valitsus vähendada süsihappegaasieritust 2050. aastaks 60 protsendi võrra. Tovey sõnul on valitsuse “valgele paberile” kirja pandud üsna kenad mõtted ja kogu dokument kõlab hästi. Paraku pole kodanikele antud ühtki juhist, kuidas kirjapandud kauneid mõtteid ellu viia. Et segadust veelgi suurendada, on “valge paberi” sihtide saavutamiseks üheaegselt käibel mitmeid tegevuskavu. Tagajärjeks on väga suur tähelepanu kasvuhoonegaasiemissioonide vähendamisele samaaegselt igasuguste praktiliste juhiste puudumisega.

3. Effet de serre : East Anglia montre l’exemplelundi 15 septembre 2003, par collecte CND R.E. Un groupe de scientifiques de l’université d’East Anglia, à l’Est de l’Angleterre, a lancé une campagne pour accélérer la réduction des émissions de dioxyde de carbone de la région. Baptisée CRed (pour Carbon Reduction Project), cette initiative ambitionne d’aller deux fois plus vite que les prévisions gouvernementales. Le projet a été lancé en réaction au livre blanc sur l’énergie publié en février dans lequel le gouvernement s’était fixé comme objectif une diminution de 60% des émissions de ce polluant d’ici 2050. Les responsables de CRed veulent y parvenir dès 2025. Pour cela, Keith Tovey et ses collègues ont réussi à mobiliser entreprises locales et particuliers pour faire des économies d’énergie et installer des panneaux photovoltaïques sur les toits. La prochaine étape consiste à rallier l’Eglise anglicane à leur cause. Exposées plein sud, les églises ont en effet de larges toitures qui peuvent capter l’énergie du soleil. Or, la région d’East Anglia compte plus de 600 chapelles. Si les scientifiques sont conscients du peu d’impact sur le changement climatique de leur action, ils comptent cependant provoquer d’autres initiatives. Une délégation japonaise est déjà intéressée par le projet. En France, la commune de Chalon-sur-Saône a déjà mis en place une action similaire pour réaliser en trois ans l’engagement de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre pris par l’Europe sur dix ans. Pour lire notre article sur l’initiative de Chalon-sur-Saône.

4. ecologia e ambiente SULL’EFFETTO SERRA L’EAST ANGLIA DA’ L’ESEMPIO dalla redazione di Bruxelles Bruxelles, 15 settembre - Un gruppo di scienziati dell’università di East Anglia (Inghilterra) ha lanciato una campagna per accelerare la riduzione delle emissioni di anidride carbonica della regione. Battezzato CRed (Carbon Reduction Project), l’iniziativa ha l’ambizione di andare due volte più veloce delle previsioni governative. Il progetto (http://www.cred-uk.org/index.aspx) è stato lanciato il reazione al Libro Bianco sull’energia pubblicato in febbraio nel quale il governo britannico aveva fissato come obiettivo una diminuzione del 60% delle emissioni di CO2 entro il 2025. Per riuscire nell’impresa, Keith Tovey e i suoi colleghi sono riusciti a mobilitare le aziende locali e i cittadini per avviare programmi di efficienza e risparmio energetico e installare pannelli fotovoltaici. La prossima tappa consiste nel convincere la Chiesa anglicana a dar loro il suo sostegno. Esposte in pieno sud, le chiese hanno infatti grandi tetti che sono ideali per installare impianti che captano energia solare, e nella regione di East Anglia ci sono più di 600 tra chiese e cappelle. Benché gli scienziati siano coscienti dello scarso impatto della loro iniziativa sul cambiamento climatico, contano tuttavia di promuovere altre iniziative. Una delegazione giapponese si è già interessata al progetto. Indice ecologia e ambiente

6. Solar Energy in UK • Less affected by latitude than cloud cover • In UK an average (day/night) of 115 W m-2 is being received • On a dull day in excess of 20 W m-2 can still be falling on surfaces. Applications in UK • Solar Thermal Hot Water Heaters can provide all hot water needs for a house in summer and around 50% over year. • Solar Photo Voltaic cells generate electricity which can be uwsed to reduce electricity consumption in a house and at times can be “sold” to the grid.

7. Solar Thermal Hot Water Heaters • Individual Units are costly and at present NOT cost effective. • Do not benefit from mass production • Most cost effective when electricity is method of heating. • The Broadland/ CRED scheme is aiming to get cost down to under £2000 per installed unit. This is achieved by bulk purchase for the benefit of a community. This approach will help to promote such schemes and also help to bring cost down. • Building Regulations should make fitting of such collectors mandatory for all individual housing units

8. Solar Photo Voltaics – Some Facts • Photo Voltaic Cells are becoming progressively cheaper • Efficiencies of collectors are improving • Grants of up to 70% of capital cost are available • Photo voltaic cells can be manufactured in a variety of forms - even made to look like tiles - or made in the form which can be rolled out for easy installation. • They can be easily connected to the Grid and sell surplus electricity while allowing import when no solar energy is available.

9. House in Cringleford New Environmental Science Building Two Examples of photovoltaics 34 kW Peak array

10. Bishop of Hereford has picked up idea of PV on Church Roofs The Times: Weather Eye: September 22, 2003 - Paul Simons THE Right Rev John Oliver, the Bishop of Hereford, is promoting a novel idea to help to cut the UK’s carbon dioxide emissions — he would like to use church roofs for solar panels in order to generate electricity. “Most churches were built with roofs with a north-south aspect, which is ideal for catching sunlight,” he explains. Aesthetic considerations are helped by photovoltaic solar cells that can be made to look like roof slates.

11. How might such a PV project be funded? • They are currently expensive, but are about to improve in efficiency and come down in price. • There are grants available 50+% towards cost. • For community buildings, there is the possibility to tap funds now available from the Landfill Tax. • On average, 1 sq m will provide about 100 kWh of electricity each year, and will save 43 kg of CO2. Innovative financing needs to be explored • Net Electricity use • Sell all electricity to obtain Renewable Obligation Certificates (“ROCs”)