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Russia in the 19 th Century. HWH UNIT 7 CHAPTER 10.5. Alexander I (1801-1825). Nicholas I (1825-1855). Crushed Decembrist Revolt Liberal revolt “ Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationalism ” Crushed uprising in Poland , 1830 1848 Saved Austria Reform and Modernization.
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Russia in the 19th Century HWH UNIT 7 CHAPTER 10.5
Nicholas I (1825-1855) • Crushed Decembrist Revolt • Liberal revolt • “Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationalism” • Crushed uprising in Poland, 1830 • 1848 • Saved Austria • Reform and Modernization
The Crimean War (1853-1856) • Causes • Russian ambition • Protect Christians • Expand into the Crimea • France and Britain (and Sardinia) vs. Russia • Motives: • Napoleon III: domestic support • Britain: naval interests in Mediterranean • Sardinia: make a powerful ally (or two) • Austria and Prussia stayed out
The Crimean War (1853-1856) • Effects • Russia lost influence in Balkans • Concert of Europe ended • CONSERVATIVE ORDER NO LONGER UNIFIED • Russia recognizes need to modernize
Alexander II (r. 1855-1881) • Emancipation of Serfdom, 1861 • But not freedom… • Mirs • Zemstvos • Legal reforms • Industrialization • Railroads • Eastern expansion • Terrorism
The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood, St. Petersburg • Site of Alexander II’s assassination
Alexander III (r. 1881-1894) • More industrialization • Censorship and oppression • Pogroms • “Russification”
The Revolution of 1905 The Russo-Japanese War
The October Manifesto The Duma Peter Stolypin Prime Minister Repression The Revolution of 1905