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AAE 451 Senior Aircraft Design Spring 2006 Systems Definition Review Group VI

AAE 451 Senior Aircraft Design Spring 2006 Systems Definition Review Group VI. Team Members: John Collins Chad Davis Chris Fles Danny Sze Ling Lim Justin Rohde Ryan Schulz Ronald Wong Yusaku Yamashita. Market Review. Target is business market: Corporate Flight Departments

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AAE 451 Senior Aircraft Design Spring 2006 Systems Definition Review Group VI

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  1. AAE 451 Senior Aircraft Design Spring 2006Systems Definition ReviewGroup VI Team Members: John Collins Chad Davis Chris Fles Danny Sze Ling Lim Justin Rohde Ryan Schulz Ronald Wong Yusaku Yamashita

  2. Market Review • Target is business market: • Corporate Flight Departments • Air Taxi and Air Charter • Fractional Shares • Profit Opportunities • Air taxi, fractional ownership expected to more than double in coming decade • Increasing incentive for use by small business • Strong business aviation growth expected in European and Asian markets over next 20 years

  3. Cabin Capacity - 2 Crew + 6 Passengers Cruise Range - 600 nm Cruise Speed - 250 kts T.O./Landing Distance - 2,100 ft Acquisition Cost - $1.8 Million D.O.C./Hour - $550 600 nm range Reserve Economy Cruise Descend for Landing Climb Economy Cruise Begin Landing Take-off 2100 ft. Runway Taxi Execute Missed Landing Land 2100 ft. Runway Design Requirements • Pilots (150 lbs. each) • Passengers (200 lbs. each) • 1500 lbs. Total Payload

  4. Trade Study • Jet and single turboprop operating costs beat twin turboprops • D.O.C./Hour: Single - $350, Jet - $550, Twin - $700 • Operating costs vary with SFC, Range, and Speed • SFC’s above 0.7 (1/hr) make D.O.C. higher than competition • Optimal Speeds: Jet – 350 kts, Props – 250 kts • Acquisition costs: • Jet - $1.844 million • Single - $1.668 million

  5. Pugh’s Method • AIM: • Brainstorm ideas • Gather concepts and compare against criteria relating to the acquisition and operating costs • Criteria: • Lower limit set to meet the design requirements • Concepts can better this limit if they work at a higher efficiency • Rate the efficiency of each system in achieving this target (+/s/-)

  6. The Process • Examples of Criteria: • Twinsburn more fuel than singles • Jets are quieter than turboprops • Canards have higher development costs

  7. Pugh’s Method – contd.

  8. Concept #1 • Single tractor-engine • Low wing • Mid tail • Vertical Stabilizer • Tricycle landing gear • Performance • Cruise Speed – 250 kts • Gross Weight – 6,790 lbs • Acquisition Cost - $1.65 Million • D.O.C./Hour - $330 • W/S – 32 lb/ft2 • T/W – 0.155

  9. Concept #13 • Twin pusher-engines • Low wing, w/ winglets • High tail • Vertical Stabilizer • Tricycle landing gear • Performance • Cruise Speed – 350 kts • Gross Weight – 9,500 lbs • Acquisition Cost - $1.85 Million • D.O.C./Hour - $550 • W/S – 40 lb/ft2 • T/W – 0.20

  10. Concept #15 • Single pusher-engine • Low wing, w/ winglets • Canards-configuration • Vertical Stabilizer • Tricycle landing gear • Performance • Cruise Speed – 250 kts • Gross Weight – 6,800 lbs • Acquisition Cost - $1.65 Million • D.O.C./Hour - $330 • W/S – 35 lb/ft2 • T/W – 0.155

  11. Preliminary Fuselage Layout

  12. Preliminary Fuselage Layout

  13. Cabin View

  14. Competitors

  15. Powerplant Options Turboprop • Biodiesel (Blends), or BioJet Fuel (JP-8 replacement) • TSFC = 0.5671 (lbm/hr)/lbf Turbofan • Biodiesel (Blends), or BioJet Fuel (JP-8 replacement) • TSFC = 0.7023 (lbm/hr)/lbf Model – ONX (Parametric Cycle Analysis)

  16. Alternative Fuel Options

  17. Constraint Diagrams • Performance Constraints • Cruise Speed • Takeoff and Landing Distance • Minimum Power Cruise • Maximum Cruise Range • Assumptions: • Typical values from Raymer: CD0, CL,max, e • Propeller efficiency η=0.8 • Thrust decrease is directly proportional to decrease of density with altitude

  18. Constraint Diagrams * Maximum Range, Minimum Power not shown - located far outside design space

  19. Acquisition Cost Baron G58 - $1.22 M Piper Mirage - $0.97 M Adam A700 - $2.25 M Adam A500 - $1.25 M Eclipse 500 - $1.50 M Cessna Mustang - $2.35 M Pilatus PC-12 - $2.80 M D.O.C./Hour Baron G58 - $288 Piper Mirage - $250 Adam A700 - $725 Adam A500 - $450 Eclipse 500 - $300* Cessna Mustang - $450 Pilatus PC-12 - $400 Competing Aircraft *Estimate from Eclipse Aviation

  20. Questions

  21. Reminder Slide • singles cost less than twins for given sfc; jets are comparable to tprops for given sfc. • For sfc increase from 0.5 onwards, singles (+$20/hr); then jets (+$50/hr); then twins (+$100/hr) • for the same range: singles burn less fuel than twins for same speed (240kts) • jets are slightly better than twin tprops, same as single tprops, canards give less drag • jets have smaller cabin sizes according to tom: Avbuyer 4.8x4.8 (eclipse = 4.2x4.3); turboprops: adam a500 (4.5x4.3)

  22. Iteration 2

  23. GTOW vs. Range and Speed Single Twin

  24. GTOW vs. Range and L/D Single Twin

  25. GTOW vs. Range and SFC Single Twin

  26. Operating Costs vs. Range and Speed Single Twin

  27. Operating Costs vs. Range and SFC Single Twin

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