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Freshwater Unit : WWF Thailand, Greater Mekong Programme

Freshwater Unit : WWF Thailand, Greater Mekong Programme. Chi River Basin and Kang La Wa Wetland IWRM Mekong Structure Learning Mekong Institute 12 Jan 2011. Outline Presentation. Chi River Basin background information Kang La Wa Wetlands / Value and Benefits Threats Question and Answer.

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Freshwater Unit : WWF Thailand, Greater Mekong Programme

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  1. Freshwater Unit : WWF Thailand, Greater Mekong Programme Chi River Basin and Kang La Wa Wetland IWRM Mekong Structure Learning Mekong Institute 12 Jan 2011

  2. Outline Presentation • Chi River Basin background information • Kang La Wa Wetlands / Value and Benefits • Threats • Question and Answer

  3. Mekong Tributaries River Basin in North East Thailand

  4. The Chi River Watershed…. The Watershed covers an area of 49,477 km2 or 8.4 per cent of the Lower Mekong basin Average water volume is 8,752,000,000 cubic meters per year One of the principle lower Mekong tributaries drains a low relief, low rainfall area. Complex Landscape Habitat: Dry forest , Agriculture , Flood Plain system Chi River is divided into 20 sectors Classified - Internal Use Only

  5. The Chi River Watershed…. • The Chi River basin is the central basin of the Northeast region of Thailand and the Chi River flows through seven provinces; Chaiyaphum, Khon Kaen, Mahasarakhram, Kelasin, Roi Et, Yasothon, and Ubon Ratchathani • One in third of total population in Thailand (25 million +) • Over 80% of population engaged with agriculture with 8.8 million hectares • 67.1 % with paddy field • 22.5% Upland field crops • 0.9 % grassland • 9.5 % for local livelihoods on Harvesting Forest and Wetlands Resources

  6. SEASON HOT SEASON WET SEASON COLD Handicrafts Silk weaving Vegetables Permanent Labour Sugar cane harvest Rice season Pak Wan Harvest Planting Harvest Mushrooms Mushrooms Ant larvae Beetles Bamboo shoots Fuel wood Fuel wood Beetle larvae Common Resources collection phase I CR collection phase II Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Seasonal Calendar

  7. Threats to the Chi River • Land conversion and removal of trees from the landscape • Seasonal drought, reduced water quality and water shortages • Intensification of agriculture and increases in chemical use • Contract farming encouraging yields beyond natural capacity • Poor watershed planning undertaken at a distance from the site leading to poor management of resulting schemes • Lack of coordination between the state agencies working at the watershed level • Lack of consultation with villagers and no active participation in planning or implementation by locals • Deterioration of natural wetlands quality due to alien species invasion. • The impacts of climate change are beginning to be clearly evidenced through impacts on biodiversity and local livelihoods due to extreme flood and drought events.

  8. Conservation Results Planning (March 2008 ) Classified - Internal Use Only

  9. The Chi River Watershed Classified - Internal Use Only

  10. Glutinous rice cultivation Classified - Internal Use Only

  11. Glutinous rice harvest Classified - Internal Use Only

  12. Sugar cane Classified - Internal Use Only

  13. Sugar cane harvest

  14. Cassava Classified - Internal Use Only

  15. Cattle grazing Classified - Internal Use Only

  16. Dry forest , forest fire picture need to add Seasonal Wetlands Classified - Internal Use Only

  17. Mushroom collection Classified - Internal Use Only

  18. Permanent wetlands Classified - Internal Use Only

  19. Eucalyptus plantations Classified - Internal Use Only

  20. Wood use Classified - Internal Use Only

  21. Charcoal production Classified - Internal Use Only

  22. Existing forest patches Classified - Internal Use Only

  23. Need one forest fire picture here Forest fire

  24. Forest patch Rich Landscape Mosaic Rice Cassava Classified - Internal Use Only

  25. Maps

  26. Kang La Wa Map

  27. Kang La Wa Physical status • Large permanent natural pound approximately 7,000 rai located at Kok Samran sub-district and Ban Pai district , Khon Kaen province • General described as a floodplain of the Chi River Basin • Area for water recharged capacity totally about 10 km2 / 19,000,000 Cubic meters with flow from 3 main cannel of Hauy Nong Eian , Huay Muang Peer and Huay Ban Paouy • The surrounding areas are relatively with little slope and are mostly paddy fields • Flow regime start from May-November

  28. Kang La Wa Ecological Value / Benefits • At least 43 fish species have been found including the 2 fresh water endanger species • At least 36 species of birds have been found including 13 waterfowl and shorebird species including 1 near threatened species • At least 30,000 local livelihoods in 50 communities depend on Wetlands Natural Resources such as • Water for Agriculture , Animals farming , Water supply for 50 communities , Native fish for local fishing estimate 200,000 tons / year or estimate income 15,000 bath/household • Traditional culture practices / and local tourist Recreation

  29. Chi tributaries flow to main stream

  30. Time for Water flow, Fish and People

  31. Local Fishing practice

  32. Flow from Chi into Kang La Wa

  33. One of 20 nationally important wetlands for Thailand

  34. High wetlands resources for local livelihoods

  35. Threats to Kang Lawa

  36. Thank you

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