1 / 57

Prof.  Xavier  MONNET   Medical  Intensive  Care  Unit  

Hemodynamic  monitoring  with  the   PiCCO  . Prof.  Xavier  MONNET   Medical  Intensive  Care  Unit   Paris-­‐Sud  University  Hospitals  . Link  of    interest  . Pulsion  Medical  Systems  .

grady
Télécharger la présentation

Prof.  Xavier  MONNET   Medical  Intensive  Care  Unit  

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Hemodynamic  monitoring  with  the   PiCCO   Prof.  Xavier  MONNET   Medical  Intensive  Care  Unit   Paris-­‐Sud  University  Hospitals  

  2. Link  of    interest   Pulsion  Medical  Systems  

  3. Hemodynamic  monitoring  to  guide  treatment   In  a  paFent  with  hemodynamic  failure   3  therapeuFc  opFons   vasopressor   vasodilaFon?   volume  expansion   hemodynamic  monitoring   ?   volume  responsiveness?   inotrope   impaired   contracFlity?  

  4. Arterial  pressure  provides  a  lot  of  hemodynamic  informaFon   140   120   100   80   60   40   20   115   75  diastolic  AP   80   physiologically  related  to   vasomotor  tone   30   vasodilaFon   vasoplegic  shock   →  vasopressors  

  5. Hemodynamic  monitoring  to  guide  treatment   In  a  paFent  with  hemodynamic  failure   Hemodynamic  monitoring   ?   vasodilaFon?   ↘  cardiac  output?   →   Do  we  need  to  measure  cardiac  output?   diastolic  AP   vasopressor  

  6. 228  pts  receiving  volume  expansion   145  paFents  with  increase  of  NE   ProAQT/PulsioFlex   Esophageal   Doppler   Arterial   pressure   Nexfin   Echo   PAC   PiCCO   FloTrac/Vigileo  

  7. 228  pts  receiving  volume  expansion   145  paFents  with  increase  of  NE   * r  =  0.56   n  =  228   r  =  0.21   n  =  145   Changes  in    PP   induced  by  VE  (%)   300   250   200   150   100   50   0   Changes  in  PP   induced  by  NE  (%)   300   250   200   150   100   50   0   -­‐50   -­‐50  0   -­‐50   -­‐50  0   50  100  150  200  250  300   50  100  150  200  250  300   →   Changes  in  CI  induced  by  VE  (%)   Changes  in  CI  induced  by  NE  (%)   We  need  a  direct  measure  of  cardiac  output  in   paFents  receiving  vasopressors  

  8. Cardiac  output  monitoring   2  different  techniques  for  measuring  CO   transpulmonary  thermodiluFon   pulse  contour  analysis  

  9. Cardiac  output  monitoring  transpulmonary  thermodiluFon  

  10. Cardiac  output  monitoring  transpulmonary  thermodiluFon   cold  bolus   Blood   temperature  (Ts)   inj   Ttm  

  11. Cardiac  output  monitoring  transpulmonary  thermodiluFon  precision   100  TPTD  measurements  in  criFcally  ill  paFents   →   Least  significant  change   in  cardiac  index  (%)   30   20   10   0   Transpulmonary  thermodiluFon  is  precise   for  measuring  cardiac  output   12%   40   1   2   3   4   5   number  of  injected   cold  boluses  

  12. Cardiac  output  monitoring   2  different  techniques  for  measuring  CO   transpulmonary  thermodiluFon   reliable   precise   pulse  contour  analysis  

  13. Cardiac  output  monitoring  pulse  contour  analysis   CO   6.5  L/min  

  14. Cardiac  output  monitoring  pulse  contour  analysis   120   100   80   60   The  area  under  the  systolic  part  of  the  arterial   curve  is  proporFonal  to  stroke  volume   k  is  calibrated  from  transpulmonary   thermodiluFon   =  k  .  SV   40   20   0  

  15. Cardiac  output  monitoring  pulse  contour  analysis   Pulse  contour  analysis   IniFal  value  provided  by   transpulmonary  diluFon   AP   t  

  16. Cardiac  output  monitoring  pulse  contour  analysis   IC   C A L   ◉ C A L   ◉ ◉C A L   t  

  17. Cardiac  output  monitoring  pulse  contour  analysis   →   Pulse  contour  analysis  requires  a  frequent   recalibraFon  

  18. Cardiac  output  monitoring   2  different  techniques  for  measuring  CO   transpulmonary  thermodiluFon   reliable   precise   pulse  contour  analysis   conFnuous  

  19. PiCCO  

  20. Hemodynamic  monitoring  to  guide  treatment   In  a  paFent  with  hemodynamic  failure   hemodynamic  monitoring   ?   ↘  cardiac  output  ?   ↘  contracFle   funcFon  ?   vasodilaFon  ?   volume   responsiveness  ?   PPV,   SVV…  

  21. PredicFon  of  volume  responsiveness   mmHg   110   PPmax   PPmin   90   70   PPV  =  32  %   50   PPmax  -­‐  PPmin   (PPmax  +  PPmin)  /  2   PPV  =   Cannot  be  used  in  case  of  :   spontaneous  breathing  acFvity   cardiac  arrhythmias   ARDS  with  low  Vt  /  lung  compliance   3  frequent  situaFons   in  the  ICU  

  22. Hemodynamic  monitoring  to  guide  treatment   hemodynamic  monitoring   ?   vasodilaFon  ?   volume  expansion?   ↘  contracFle  funcFon?   When  to  administer  fluid?   arrhythmias,  spontaneous  breathing,  ARDS  ?   no   PPV,   SVV   EEO  test   yes   EEO  test  

  23. How  to  predict  fluid  responsiveness?   end-­‐expiratory  occlusion  test   ↗  systemic  venous  return  

  24. How  to  predict  fluid  responsiveness?   end-­‐expiratory  occlusion  test   Easier  with  a  conFnuous  measurement  of  cardiac  output  

  25. Assessment  of  volume  responsiveness  end-­‐expiratory  occlusion  test   34  paFents  with  acute  circulatory  failure   monitored  by  PiCCO  device   Effects  of  end-­‐expiratory  pause   on  conFnuous  cardiac  index   increase  ≥  5%   Se  =  91%   Sp  =  100  %   50   40   30   20   10   0   -­‐10   NR   R  

  26. Hemodynamic  monitoring  to  guide  treatment   hemodynamic  monitoring   ?   vasodilaFon?   volume  expansion  ?   ↘  contracFle  funcFon  ?   When  to  administer  fluid?   arrhythmias,  spontaneous  breathing,  ARDS  ?   no   PPV,   SVV   EEO  test   PLR  test   yes   EEO  test   PLR  test  

  27. Assessment  of  volume  responsiveness  passive  leg  raising   →   PLR  is  like  a  "  self-­‐volume  challenge  "    

  28. Assessment  of  volume  responsiveness  passive  leg  raising   EsoDoppler PiCCO EsoDoppler echo echo echo bioreactance PiCCO echoandarterialflow USCOM Flotrac/vigileo

  29. Assessment  of  volume  responsiveness  passive  leg  raising   PLR-­‐induced  changes  in   arterial  pulse  pressure   80   60   →   We  need  a  real-­‐Fme  measurement  of  cardiac  output  for   assessing  the  effects  of  the  PLR  test   40   20   0   * False-­‐negaFve  cases   -­‐20   -­‐40   NR   R  

  30. Hemodynamic  monitoring  to  guide  treatment   hemodynamic  monitoring   ?   vasodilaFon?   volume  expansion  ?   ↘  contracFle  funcFon  ?   when  to  stop  fluid?   When  to  administer  fluid?   arrhythmias,  spontaneous  breathing,  ARDS  ?   no   PPV,   SVV   EEO  test   PLR  test   yes   EEO  test   PLR  test  

  31. Hemodynamic  monitoring  to  guide  treatment   hemodynamic  monitoring   ?   vasopdilaFon?   volume  expansion  ?   ↘  contracFle  funcFon  ?   when  to  administer  fluid?   when  to  stop  fluid?   NegaFve  indices  of  tests   of  fluid  responsiveness   Lung  water  ?  

  32. How  to  avoid  excessive  fluid  loading?  lung  water   Cold  bolus   extravascular  lung  water   PiCCO  

  33. How  to  avoid  excessive  fluid  loading?  lung  water   30  pts   EVLW  measured  by  TPTD  and  by  postmortem  gravimetry   First  validaFon  of  EVLW-­‐TPTD  evaluaFon  in   humans   →   Validated  in  humans  

  34. How  to  avoid  excessive  fluid  loading?  lung  water   Extra-­‐vascular  lung  water  and  pulmonary  vascular  permeability  index  are  independent   prognosFc  factors  in  paFents  with  acute  respiratory  distress  syndrome  or  acute  lung  injury   Jozwiak  M,  Silva  S,  Persichini  R,  Anguel  N,  Osman  D,  Richard  C,  Teboul  JL,  Monnet  X   Crit  Care  Med  in  press   200  pts  with  ARDS   EVLW  measured  by  PiCCO  device   Day-­‐28  mortality  (%)   100   80   60   p  =  0.0001   70%   40   20   0   42%   EVLWImax  >  21  mL/kg  EVLWImax  ≤  21  mL/kg   Lung  water  measured  by  transpulmonary  thermodiluFon   has  a  real  physiological    significance   →  

  35. Hemodynamic  monitoring  to  guide  treatment   hemodynamic  monitoring   ?   vasodilaFon  ?   volume  expansion  ?   ↘  contracFle  funcFon  ?   When  to  administer  fluid?   when  to  stop  fluid?   NegaFve  indices  of  tests   of  fluid  responsiveness   PAOP  ?  water   ↗  lung  

  36. How  to  esFmate  the  risk  of  fluid  administraFon  ?  lung  water   101  ARDS  paFents   randomized  to  EVLW-­‐guided  management  vs.   PAOP-­‐guided  management   Cumulativefluidbalance(L) 7 5 3 * * * PAOP  group   * 1 -1 -3 -5 EVLW    group   *p<0.0001vstime0 0 12 24 36 48 60 72 Time(hours)

  37. How  to  esFmate  the  risk  of  fluid  administraFon  ?  lung  water   101  ARDS  paFents   randomized  to  EVLW-­‐guided  management  vs.   PAOP-­‐guided  management   25   20   15   10   5   Managementof fluidtherapywith: PAOP  Group   EVLW  Group   * * 0   →   Lung  ays   VenFlaFon  days   ICU  dwater  may  guide  fluid  therapy  during  ARDS  

  38. Hemodynamic  monitoring  to  guide  treatment   hemodynamic  monitoring   ?   vasodilaFon?   volume  expansion  ?   ↘  contracFle  funcFon  ?   when  to  administer  fluid?   when  to  stop  fluid?   NegaFve  indices  of  tests   of  fluid  responsiveness   ↗  lung  water   ↗  lung  permeability  

  39. How  to  avoid  excessive  fluid  loading?   lung  water   pulmonary  blood  volume   Pulmonary  vascular   permeability  index  PVPI  = Coldbolus PiCCO  

  40. When  to  stop  volume  expansion?   PVPI   10   9   8   7   6   5   4   48  paFents  with  pulmonary  edema   inflammatory  vs.  hydrostaFc  discriminated  by  experts   PVPI  by  the  PiCCO  device   Cut-­‐off  :  3   Se  =      85  %   Sp  =  100  %   3   2   1   * 0   ALI/ARDS   HydrostaFc   pulmonary  edema  

  41. When  to  stop  volume  expansion?   ARDS   AP  =  90  /  40  mmHg   Cardiac  index  =  2.0  L/min/m2   PaO2/FiO2  =  180  mmHg   PLR  test  :  posiFve   PVPI  =  4   volume  expansion   PVPI  =  7   volume  expansion?   vasopressor  ?  

  42. Hemodynamic  monitoring  to  guide  treatment   hemodynamic  monitoring   ?   vasodilaFon?   volume  expansion  ?   ↘  contracFle  funcFon  ?   when  to  administer  fluid?   when  to  stop  fluid?   negaFve  tests  of  fluid   responsiveness   ↗  lung  water   ↗  lung  permeability  

  43. Arterial   pressure   Nexfin   Echo   PAC   PiCCO   FloTrac/Vigileo   ProAQT/PulsioFlex   Esophageal   Doppler  

  44. How  to  assess  the  contracFle  funcFon?   Echocardiography  is  the  gold  standard   LVEF   but   requires  a  skilled  operator   does  not  allow  conFnuous    monitoring   cardiogenic  shock   at  1st  day   How  many  echos?   We  need  a  more  conFnuous  esFmaFon  of  the  LV  systolic  funcFon  

  45. How  to  assess  the  contracFle  funcFon?   cardiac  index   stroke  volume   global  LV  end-­‐diastolic  volume   cardiac  funcFon  index  LVEF  =   CFI   cold  bolus  

  46. How  to  assess  the  contracFle  funcFon?   60  pts   Monitoring  with  PiCCO  and  TTE   100   80   60   40   3.2  min-­‐1   SensiFvity   CFI  for  detecFng  LVEF   ≤  35%   20   0   0   20   40   60   80   100   100  -­‐  specificity   →   CFI  allows    detecFng  a  low  LVEF  

  47. Hemodynamic  monitoring  to  guide  treatment   hemodynamic  monitoring   ?   vasodilaFon?   volume  expansion?   ↘  contracFle  funcFon?   fluid  administraFon?   when  to  stop  fluid?   DAP   ↘  CFI   arrhythmias,  sp.  breath.,  ARDS?   ↗  PAOP   ↗  lung  water   no   PPV,  SVV…   PLR  test   EEO  test   yes   PLR  test   EEO  test  

  48. Invasive  techniques   transpulmonary  thermodiluFon   PiCCO  device   Percentage  error  =  2SD/mean  ≈  16%,  <  30%   COTP  thermo  -­‐  COPA  thermo  (L/min)   +  2SD  +  1.92   -­‐  2SD   -­‐  0.56   (COTP  thermo  +  COPA  thermo)  /  2   (L/min)   COTP  thermo   COPA   thermo   (L/min)  

  49. PredicFon  of  volume  responsiveness   PPV,   SVV…   Meta-­‐analysis   29  studies   685  paFents   →   A  large  base  of  evidence  

More Related