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Skeletal Outline

Explore the skeletal system, including bone structure, functions, types, and components. Learn about the different bones, joints, and their roles in supporting the body and facilitating movement.

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Skeletal Outline

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  1. Skeletal Outline

  2. Function of Bones • Provide shape and support • Protection of internal organs • Storing minerals and fat • Producing blood cells and platelets • Assisting with movement

  3. Bone Tissue • Composed of: inorganic salts (calcium), bone cells, blood vessels, nerves, collagen • Needs food and oxygen • Continue to grow throughout life, replacing damaged bone

  4. Components of Bone • Osteoblasts (build up bone) • Osteoclasts (clean up bone and debris) • Cartilage • Aponeurosis • Dense (compact bone) • Spongy (cancelous bone)

  5. Skeletal System • Axial = 80 bones • Appendicular = 126 bones

  6. Shapes of Bones • Long: femur, humerus, tibia, fibula • Short: small cubed-shaped: carpals, tarsals, toes • Flat: usually cover organs: scapula, pelvis, skull,ribs • Irregular: bones of ear, vertebrae, bones of face • Sesamoid: patella (knee cap)

  7. Review: name the type of bone

  8. Skull • Cranium = 8 bones • Face = 14 bones • Ears • Mandible is the only movable part of the skull

  9. Teeth • Crown • Root • Enamel • Cementum • Dentin • Pulp • 32 teeth in an adult

  10. Thorax • Ribs • True ribs: first 7 • False ribs: lower 5 ( last 2 are called floating ribs) • Intercostal space: contains muscles, blood vessels, nerves • Sternum • Vertebral bones = 26 bones true false

  11. Articulations (joints) • Joints are named by the bones they join • Synarthrosis (immovable): cranial bones • Amphiarthrosis (slightly movable): ribs connected to sternum • Diarthrosis (freely movable, synovial) • Synovial joints contain a bursa: fluid filled sac

  12. 6 types of Diarthrosis(movable) Joints • Ball and socket: shoulder, hip • Hinge: elbow, ankle, knee • Gliding: in between the carpal bones • Pivot: Radius on ulna • Saddle: Thumb (thumb touching finger tips) • Gomphosis: (teeth)

  13. Examples of Diarthrodial (moveable) joints

  14. Name the Joints

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