THE TRAINING ROOM

1. THE TRAINING ROOM

2. DESIGN Accessible to all athletes Optimal size for a high school our size = 1200 square feet (many schools are 400-800). Use of space is more important than square footage Lighting Plumbing Electricity Ventilation and heating Telephone access Storage Office space Wet area Taping area Treatment area Exercise and Rehab area

3. RULES AND PROCEDURES • When applied should result in the following: • Cleanliness • Operational • Safety Precautions • Supervision • Injury management policy • Professionalism

4. INVENTORY AND BUDGETING • Must be enough inventory to adequately stock the training room with supplies that can be used within a reasonable time period. • Track product expiration dates • Identify purchasing patterns • Establish relationship with vendors (special pricing) • Tips for ordering and budgeting: • Create two lists: consumable supplies, reusable supplies • Avoid large companies, compare retail and discount outlets • Review past purchase orders • Ask for free samples before ordering new, untried products • Carefully track all supplies, be familiar with inventory

5. MEDICAL KITS

6. MEDICAL KITS • Items belonging in each kit should be outlined on a checklist • Ensures that the kit is ready and stocked for every event • Supplies included depend on the sport, number of athletes, and distance from the training room • Items included: • Treatment supplies • Paperwork (emergency cards, physician’s reports, AT reports, injury and treatment forms, supply list)

7. FORMS • Injury report- a legal document containing information about the nature and treatment of injuries • Evaluate coaches practice/training methods • Evaluate trainer’s care of the athlete • Treatment record- a legal document used to track the course of care for an injured athlete and to evaluate treatment methods • Communication between trainers and physicians

8. FORMS • Athletic Trainer’s Injury Report • Explains to the coach and to parents the extent of an athlete’s injuries • Recommendations for activity and course of treatment/therapy • Physician’s Report • Sent with injured athlete when going to the doctor • Contains written instructions from the physician regarding return to play • Head Injury and Concussion Information Sheet • Instructions to athlete/parent’s following a head injury • Lists symptoms, precautions, and proper care • Protects the athlete from additional harm

9. TYPES OF MEDICAL KITS Basic First Aid Kit Personal Kit First Aid Kit for Transport Vehicles Athlete-Specific Sport-Specific Upgrades Football Field Kit Helmet Kit Shoulder Pad Kit Football Tape Bag Injury Pad Bag Physician’s Kit

10. INFECTION CONTROL

11. CHAIN OF INFECTION • CHAIN OF INFECTION • 1. Pathogen – disease causing microorganism • 2. Reservoir Host – individual who carries the organism without showing outward signs or symptoms • Prevention requires Universal Precautions • 3. Portal of Exit- Pathogen’s route of escape from the host (breaks in the skin, saliva, blood, etc.) • 4. Route of Transmission- Method by which the pathogen enters a new host (direct contact, air, insects, etc.) • 5. Portal of Entry- Pathogen’s route into the new host (respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, reproductive tracts, and breaks in skin) • 6. Susceptible Host- depends on degree of resistance (malnourished, suppressed immune system, poor health)

12. BREAKING THE CHAIN OF INFECTION • Can be stopped by removing a link in the chain • Kill the bacteria before it enters the host • Change the environment in which the bacteria lives • Sterilization: the complete destruction of all forms of microbial life • Preventing the spread of infection • Wash hands frequently • Wear gloves and other protective clothing • Gowns, goggles, and masks • Exposure to blood or other body fluids exists • Working with clients who may be infectious • Keep your immunizations up-to-date • Especially hepatitis vaccinations

13. ASCEPTIC ENVIRONMENT • Clean Technique: • Practices and procedures designed to ensure a clean environment • Removing or destroying disease-causing microorganisms • 1. Handwashing • 2. Clean Uniforms • 3. Keeping contaminated items away from body

14. ASCEPTIC ENVIRONMENT Clean Technique cont’d: Handwashing is done at the following times: • When first arriving at work • Before performing each procedure on a client • During a procedure if hands become contaminated • Between each client when a procedure is performed • After using the restroom • After removing gloves from your hands • Before eating • See page261-262 for procedures

15. ASCEPTIC ENVIRONMENT • Sterile Technique: • Used when skin is broken open (surgery, traumatic injury), during treatment of open wounds (changing dressings), and decontaminating items between patients • Follow guidelines set forth by Center for Disease Control (CDC)

16. USING GLOVES • The athletic trainer: • Should always wear gloves whenever blood or body fluids are present • Even when the potential for such fluids are present, gloves must be worn • See page 263 -265 for procedures for donning and removing gloves.

17. CONTAMINATED SHARPS • A serious risk exists when punctured by a needle or other sharp object • Dispose of all needles, scalpel blades, and other sharp objects in the proper puncture-resistant container • Reducing risk of puncture wounds: • Never recap, bend, or manually remove a dirty needle • Always deposit the entire syringe and needle or sharp object in puncture-resistant container • Immediately clean a puncture wound with alcohol and Betadine and cover the wound • Report this to your supervisor • Never carry needles or sharp objects from one location to another with the tips pointing toward other people or yourself • Point them toward the floor

18. HEPATITIS Hepa- pertaining to the liver; itis- inflammation of • Caused by virus, bacteria, or chemical agent • Usually transmitted via fecal-oral route (not washing hands after using the bathroom or contaminated food) • Hepatitis A- caused by virus, not washing hands after using the restroom, children and young adults • Hepatitis B- caused by virus, spread through blood, saliva, or sexual transmission • Handwashing is critical to prevention of hepatitis!!

19. AIDS • Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome • HIV virus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) • Transmitted through blood and sexual contact • Attacks the immune system- makes patient susceptible to other diseases • Incurable (at present) disease • Great care must be taken to avoid contact with this virus • Wash hands • Wear protective eyewear, gloves, and a mask to prevent exposure to splattering blood or other body fluids

20. UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS • Wear gloves • Whenever in contact with blood, body secretions, or broken skin. Do not reuse gloves! • Wear protective eyewear and a mask • During any procedures that may expose you to splattering blood or other body fluids • Wear disposable gowns • If blood or body fluids may splatter • Thoroughly wash your hands or other skin surfaces • Immediately following contamination

21. UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS • Avoid giving direct mouth-to-mouth resuscitation • Use masks and resuscitator bags • Avoid direct patient contact • If you have open wounds or other skin conditions • Wash your hands • After each patient contact and after removing gloves • Carefully and properly dispose of all sharp objects (needles, scalpel, blades, etc.) in appropriate puncture-resistant containers. • Do not recap, bend, break, or manually remove needles • If stuck by used needle, clean the area, fill out form, notify supervisor, and got a blood test for Hepatisis and AIDS