Presentation Transcript

1. Unit 1: ColonialAmerica

2. Bell Ringer: Why do people move? Compile of list of 5 reasons on your own. Now compare that list with a partner’s list. Which of those reasons would apply to Europeans in the 1500s and 1600s?
3. Causesof Exploration Activity Each group read pages 20-25 in the text book. 2. Describe the topic your group was assigned. Include these three items: a. What was the ________? b. How did it affect European life? c. Why did it encourage people to explore? YOU HAVE 20 MINUTES!!! Group Topics: Social Hierarchy 2) Renaissance Crusades 4) Reformation 5) Commerce & Rise of Nations 6) Exploration
4. Causes of Exploration The Crusades Feudalism Weak Monarchs Ends Isolation Want a Better Life New Things Gain More Freedom Gain new lands European Exploration Train Sailors & Explorers Get Colonies & Resources New Inventions New Trade Routes Gain Wealth & Power New Learning The Renaissance Competition
5. BR: Write down three things you remember from yesterday’s lesson… In ONE minute, find someone and GIVE ONE, GET ONE…
6. I. Life in Europe A. Feudalism 1. Weak Monarchs a. Divided landinto Manors controlled by nobles b. People living in the manor worked for the noble i. Lives revolved around the manor ii. Poor living conditions and education
7. B. Crusades: 12th to 14th centuries 1. Muslims invaded the Holy Lands a. European kings asked to take them back 2. Exposed the Europeans to new things a. Spices: ginger, tea, and pepper b. Technology: Gun powder, and telescopes 3. Europeans increased trade to get these items a. Items cost too much from traders b. Create their own routes i.Lower price, Increase profit
8. Crusader Routes
9. C. Renaissance: 14th to 17th centuries 1. Revival in learning and invention 2. New technology: a. Magnetic Compass b. Astrolabe c. Printing Press d. Caraval
10. 3. Prince Henry the Navigator a. Trained sailors and explorers to find trade routes 4. Christopher Columbus a. First Spanish Colony in 1493 in Haiti
11. TICKET OUT THE DOOR (T.O.D.) 3 – reasons why Europeans explored 2—things you thought were interesting 1—question you still have about the lesson
12. Bell Ringer—Create a list of reasons why people wanted to leave Europe.
13. II. First English Attempts – off coast of present-day North Carolina A. Roanoke Island – 1585 1. Sponsored by Sir Walter Raleigh 2. 100 men give up after one year B. Roanoke Island – 1587 “The Lost Colony” 1. Raleigh sends 117 men, women, & children 2. 3years later they have disappeared 3. Clue – “CROATOAN” carved on a doorpost
14. What happened to Roanoke Island? With a partner, read the evidence gathered on Roanoke and determine which theory is most plausible?
15. Edmodo ActivityLog onto your laptops and go to www.edmodo.com.Create a student account and then go to the link provided there in order to explore the Jamestown passenger lists.
16. Digital Textbook:www.classzone.comGo to Sign in and create a new student accountActivation Code is:4921755-10
17. Bell Ringer:What things would be needed to have a good site to build a colony on?
18. III. Jamestown, Virginia – 1607 A. Investors form a joint-stock company & sponsor settlement 1. Guaranteed colonists the same rights they had in England. B. First PERMANENT English settlement in the New World 1. Site – swampy peninsula (good defense, not health) 2. Settlers - 100 male adventurers & soldiers – not farmers 3. Goal was to find GOLD, not obtain supplies for winter
19. Jamestown Fort & Settlement Map
20. Jamestown Fort & Settlement (CG)
21. Jamestown Housing
22. Jamestown Settlement
23. Jamestown Chapel, 1611
24. C. Captain John Smith takes over 1. Obtains supplies from Indians 2. Forces men to work – “no work, no eat” There was no talk…but dig gold, wash gold, refine gold, load gold…
25. 3. Pocahontas Legend A 1616 engraving Pocahontas “saves” Captain John Smith
26. D. Conditions are very difficult 1. Half the settlers die during the first year 2. “Starving Times” – almost 90% of the settlers died during the winter of 1609-1610 1607: 104 colonists By spring, 1608: 38 survived 1609: 300 more immigrants By spring, 1610: 60 survived 1610 – 1624: 10,000 immigrants 1624 population: 1,200 Adult life expectancy: 40 years Death of children before age 5: 80%
27. 3. Conflict with Native Americans a. General mistrust because of different cultures & languages. b. English raided Indian food & supplies c. Take more land as they expanded
28. The Nightmare of Jamestown
29. Powhatan Uprisingof 1622
30. E. Tobacco 1. John Rolfe developed a money-making crop 2. Economy based on tobacco sold to England Virginia’s gold and silver. -- John Rolfe, 1612
31. Early Colonial Tobacco 1618 — Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of tobacco. 1622 — Despite losing nearly one-third of its colonists in an Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000 pounds of tobacco. 1627 — Virginia produces 500,000 pounds of tobacco. 1629 — Virginia produces 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco.
32. F. Growth of Virginia 1. House of Burgesses – first elected assembly in the New World a. Control over finances, militia, make laws
33. 2. Indentured Servants a. Receive passage to New World in return for labor b. Work for 5-7 years for the person who paid c. Promised “freedom dues” [land and £] d. Virginians got 50 acres for each passage they paid.
34. 3.Slavery – Twenty Africans brought to Jamestown in 1619 a. Their status was not clear  slaves or indentured servants. English Tobacco Label
35. BR: Brainstorm—What do you know about the Pilgrims?
36. IV. Colonizing New England
37. A. Massachusetts – Plymouth Colony 1. Pilgrims – 1620 a. Separatists who broke away from the Church of England & were being persecuted b. Poor people with little power c. Sail from England on the Mayflower i. 102 people including Captain Myles Standish.
38. 2. Government a. Based on the Mayflower Compact Agreement signed before the settlers left the boat c. Led to adult male settlers meeting in assemblies to make laws in town meetings.
39. The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1620
40. Prediction:Based on the beliefs of the Pilgrims, what do you think their policy would be toward Native Americans?Think for a moment and then discuss it with your partner.
41. 3. Native Americans a. Helped the people – farming, fishing, hunting b. Squanto – Native American who spoke English! c. Thanksgiving – Fall of 1621
42. Summarizing Activity:Working with a partner, complete the chart comparing Jamestown to Plymouth
43. Vocabulary Review: *1’s Quiz your partner on the meanings of the first 7 vocab words.* 2’s Quiz your partner on the meanings of the second 7 vocab words.*If they do not know tell them*
44. BR:How did the beliefs and values of the settlers affect the development of the colonies?
45. B. Massachusetts – Massachusetts Bay Colony 1. Puritans – 1630 a. Wanted to reform (or purify) the Church of England b. Well-educated & well-supplied c. Sailed from England with 17 ships and 1000 people Within 10 years, 20,000 more Puritans arrived e. Purpose – set up a model colony based on THEIR beliefs
46. Sources of Puritan Migration
47. First Seal of MA Bay
48. Boston: Capital of Massachusetts Bay
49. 2. Government a. No separation of church of state Only white, male, church members could vote c. No dissent was allowed d. First Governor: John Winthrop We shall be as a city on a hill..
50. Critical Thinking:Based on their beliefs and form of government, what problems would the Puritans be likely to face in the New World?Think and discuss your ideas with a partner.
51. CP Primary Source Activity:Read the transcript of part of the Salem Witch Trials, and then answer the following questions. What information is the court attempting to gather about the defendants? 2. How is the testimony of Tituba and Sarah Osborne similar and different? 3. What impact did the beliefs and form of government in Puritan MA, have on the Trials.
52. 3. Native Americans a. Puritans try to convert Indians b. Indian lands are taken – usually by force King Philip’s War (1675-76) Metacom “King Philip” United Indians and attacked white settlements Failed to take back land Metacom beheaded and drawn and quartered. His son and wife sold into slavery. Never a serious threat again
53. Summarizing Point: How did geography impact the settlements of Jamestown, Plymouth, and Boston?
54. C. Rhode Island (1636) – only New England colony to allow religious freedom 1. Roger Williams a. Disagreed with the Puritans & was kicked out of MA b. Set up a colony in which all religions were tolerated c. Believed in separation of church & state
55. Summarizing Reading Activity:Read the American Portrait of Anne Hutchinson and then answer the questions listed under the Reviewing the Portrait Section.
56. 2. Anne Hutchinson a. Disagreed with the Puritans & was kicked out of MA b. Welcomed in Rhode Island She and all but one member of her family were killed in an Indian attack in Westchester County, NY.
57. D. Other New England Colonies 1. Connecticut (1636) – founded by Thomas Hooker & other Puritans who were looking for rich farmland 2. New Hampshire (1637) formed by John Wheelwright & other critics of the Puritans; fishing & trading were important
58. New England Spreads Out
59. Population of the New England Colonies
60. New England Colonies, 1650
61. Bell Ringer:How did the religious beliefs of the Puritans impact the settlement of the New England colonies?
62. V. Settling the Middle Colonies
63. A. New York (1664) 1. Originally owned by the Dutch (New Amsterdam) 2. Charles II granted the land to his brother, James the Duke of York King Charles II The Duke of York
64. Duke of York’s Original Charter
65. New York, 1664
66. New Jersey (1664) 1. Land given to Lord Berkeley & Sir George Carteret, supporters of Charles II Lord Berkeley Sir George Carteret
67. C. Pennsylvania (1681) 1. William Penn (1644-1718) a. Member of a wealthy English family b. Joined the Society of Friends (Quakers) at age 23 i. Refused to pay taxes to the Church of England, met without paid clergy, and quaked during services c. Family unhappy, and jailed for his beliefs
68. 2. Land in the New World a. William Penn’s father (Admiral Sir William Penn) loaned £16,000 to Charles II b. Land given to Penn as payment c. Penn receives charter for “Pensilvania” (Latin for “Penn’s Woods”)
69. Royal Land Grant to Penn
70. 3. The Colony a. A “Holy Experiment” b. Native Americans treated fairly (at first) i. Bought the land from Indians. c. All religions are tolerated
71. Penn’s Treaty with the Native Americans
72. Philadelphia
73. D. Delaware (1682) 1. The three lower counties of PA broke off 2. Named after Lord De La Warr [harsh military governor of VA in 1610].
74. Summary Point:What similarities and differences were there within the Middle Colonies and as they were compared with the New England Colonies?
75. BR: How is the geography of the Southern colonies different from that of the Northern colonies?
76. VI. Settling the Southern Colonies
77. A. Maryland (1632) 1. A royal charter granted to George Calvert, Lord Baltimore 2. A haven for Catholics
78. Colonization of Maryland
79. St Mary’s City (1634)
80. B. North and South Carolina (1663) 1. Settled by 8 proprietors who had helped Charles II regain the throne 2. North – subsistence farming & naval stores (turpentine, tar) 3. South – plantations of rice & indigo; shipping
81. Rice & Indigo Exportsfrom SC & GA: 1698-1775
82. Port of Charles Town, SC Also named for King Charles II of England. Became the busiest port in the South.
83. C. Georgia (1732) 1. Founded by James Oglethorpe and named after King George II 2. Created as a Social Experiment a. The poor from England were brought to the colony
84. Ethnic Groups
85. T.O.DHow did the challenges and hardships of colonization change the participants and the world they explored and settled?Write a 1 paragraph answer for tomorrow including examples to illustrate your arguments.