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The Old Kingdom of Egypt: Government, Religion, and Pyramids

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The Old Kingdom of Egypt was marked by a theocratic government centered around the Pharaoh, who held absolute power as both a king and a god. This period featured a well-ordered society with distinct social classes. The Egyptians practiced polytheism, worshipping gods like Anubis, Re, Osiris, and others, emphasizing the afterlife. They believed in preserving bodies as mummies to ensure recognition in the afterlife. Monumental structures such as the Pyramid of Khufu, built from millions of blocks, served as burial sites for pharaohs, symbolizing their journey to the afterlife.

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The Old Kingdom of Egypt: Government, Religion, and Pyramids

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  1. The Old Kingdom

  2. Government • Pharaoh was a king and a god • Pharaoh had absolute power over all the land and people of Egypt

  3. Government • Pharaoh was blamed for disease or poor crops

  4. Government • Khufu most famous pharaoh

  5. Government • Social classes • Well ordered society

  6. Religion • Polytheistic • Everyone expected to worship same gods • Emphasis on afterlife • Afterlife happy place with young and happy people • Ka-a person’s life force

  7. Religion • Preserved bodies so the spirit would recognize it • Preserved bodies as mummies

  8. Egyptian gods and goddesses • Anubis • god of the dead

  9. Egyptian gods and goddesses • Re (Amon-Re) • The sun god

  10. Egyptian gods and goddesses • Osiris • The god of the underworld

  11. Egyptian gods and goddesses • Isis • The goddess of magic

  12. Egyptian gods and goddesses • Horus • The sky god; god of the pharaohs

  13. Egyptian gods and goddesses • Thoth • The god of wisdom

  14. Egyptian gods and goddesses • Geb • The Earth god

  15. Pyramids • Burial sites for pharaohs • Pyramid of Khufu 481 feet high, 2 million blocks • How did they build them???? • Pyramids pointed to the sky, symbolizing journey to afterlife

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