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Methods: Critical Thermal Maxima

Methods: Critical Thermal Maxima. CTM- temperature at which there is a loss of coordination Heat in water bath and mark temperature at which onset of spasms occurs. Methods: CTM. 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) Tukey-Kramer’s Honestly Significant Difference. Results: CTM. Discussion: CTM.

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Methods: Critical Thermal Maxima

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  1. Methods: Critical Thermal Maxima • CTM- temperature at which there is a loss of coordination • Heat in water bath and mark temperature at which onset of spasms occurs

  2. Methods: CTM • 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) • Tukey-Kramer’s Honestly Significant Difference

  3. Results: CTM

  4. Discussion: CTM • Differences in thermal tolerance can help explain current species’ range sizes • Those with higher CTM generally have broader range sizes than those with lower CTM

  5. Acclimated Species • Acclimated individuals help to predict metabolic response to chronic temperature increase

  6. Objectives: Acclimated Species 1. Measure metabolic response to increasing temperatures 2. Determine if specific patterns exist in response to increasing temperatures • Determine if metabolic depression occurs as defined for other species 4. Compare metabolic response between acclimatized and acclimated individuals

  7. Methods • Step 1- Transport salamanders to Drexel University • Step 2- 1 week prior to experimentation acclimate to 15 or 20oC in incubator • Step 3- Measure oxygen consumption at 10, 15, 20, or 25oC • Step 4- Repeat process on each individual for all experimental temperatures

  8. Methods: Compensation Patterns • Determine average basal metabolic rate at experimental temperatures • Use a repeated measures analysis of covariance (RMANCOVA) to account for body size • Use LSMs as corrected oxygen consumption for each experimental temperature

  9. Precht Types

  10. Prosser Types

  11. Results: Compensation Patterns

  12. Results: Compensation Patterns

  13. Discussion: Compensation Patterns • Differences in compensation patterns to increasing temperatures • Some show no compensation • Indicates these are more tolerant to warmer temperatures • Others show stress with increasing temperatures

  14. Metabolic Depression • Methods • Identified metabolic depression as Q10<1 • Results • No observed metabolic depression

  15. Methods: Comparison Between Acclimatized and Acclimated Individuals • Combined LSMs of acclimated and acclimatized individuals on the same plot • Significant differences between acclimated and acclimatized individuals were indicated by non-overlapping S.E.

  16. Results: Comparison Between Acclimatized and Acclimated Individuals

  17. Results: Comparison Between Acclimatized and Acclimated Individuals

  18. Discussion: Comparison Between Acclimatized and Acclimated Individuals • Significant differences in oxygen consumption between acclimatized and acclimated individuals • Acclimation useful for a general prediction of physiological response to chronically higher temperatures • Acclimatization important because temperatures will fluctuate over the course of the next century • Differences in oxygen consumption as mean temperature rises and fluctuates will dictate range size of species over the course of the next century

  19. Acknowledgements • Committee • Dr. Jim Spotila • Dr. Hal Avery • Dr. Joe Bernardo • Dr. Mike O’Conner • Laurie Cotroneo • Jason Howard • The lab • Family and friends!

  20. Thank you!

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