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Southern Europe & the Balkans chapter 16!!

Southern Europe & the Balkans chapter 16!!. I. The Iberian Peninsula. A. Spain: History & Govt. Moors ( 700s ) Ferdinand & Isabella Granada (1492) Christopher Columbus. Spanish Empire? Did not industrialize like others Civil War (1936-1939) Francisco Franco (1939 – 1975)

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Southern Europe & the Balkans chapter 16!!

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  1. Southern Europe & the Balkanschapter 16!!

  2. I. The Iberian Peninsula

  3. A. Spain: History & Govt. • Moors (700s) • Ferdinand & Isabella • Granada (1492) • Christopher Columbus

  4. Spanish Empire? • Did not industrialize like others • Civil War (1936-1939) • Francisco Franco (1939 – 1975) • Constitutional monarchy (1978) • Autonomy = self-govt.

  5. B. Spain: People & Culture • Religion? • Languages? • Castilian Spanish (75%) • The Basque (ETA-socialist group = wants independence from Spain) • Islamic features (sequent occupance!) • Place names & architecture • Madrid = Medshrid • Arabesque & calligraphy

  6. C. Portugal • Moors? • Portuguese Empire?

  7. D. Economy of Portugal • Capital? • Tourism? • Cork? • Wine

  8. II. The Italian Peninsula

  9. A. History • Roman Empire (509 BCE-476 CE) • Home of the Church (Vatican City) • Dark Ages (476 -1300) • Black Plague (1347-1351) (1/3 of pop) • Italian trade w/the East? • Renaissance Prd (1300-1600) • Northern Italy • United in 1861 • Mussolini (WWII) • Govt. today? • Microstates? • San Marino • Vatican City

  10. Modern Euro. languages developed as a result of Latin (West) and Greek (East) mixing with Germanic tribes

  11. Italian-Muslim Trade (Middle Ages)Italians = middle men betw. East & West = $$

  12. Portuguese & Spanish Trade Routes • Goal: discover an all-water route to Asia in order to eliminate the middle men! = more $$

  13. B. Italy Today • GDP? • Products of Italy? • North vs. South? • Mezzogiorno • “breadbasket”? • Aging population? • TFR = 1.4 • BR = 8, DR = 11

  14. Italy’s Aging Population • TFR = 1.4 (Natural Replacement Rate = 2.1) • Contraception, later marriage, childcare is expensive or non-existent, & less support from men at home • Will hurt economy? • Old people do not spend $ on clothes or vacations • Smaller labor force = less productive = lower GDP • Increased healthcare costs & pensions • Govt. incentives • $1,500/child (some towns offer up to an extra $15,000)

  15. What other Euro countries have done to combat pop decline • France (TFR = 2.08): • Moms = 16 wks. paid maternity leave for first two kids, then 26 wks. for third • Childcare is subsidized by the govt. • $1,300 grant/mo to moms starting 7th month of pregnancy • Families get train (subway) & tax breaks • Sweden (TFR = 1.85): • Moms & Dads = 18 months paid leave • Childcare is subsidized by the govt.

  16. III. Greece & the Balkan Peninsula

  17. A. Greece • Crete? • Mount Olympus (9,570 ft.)

  18. History of Greece • City-states? • Contributions (government?) • Independence (1829) • Post WWII? • 1974 = democracy

  19. Economy, Issues, & Challenges • Joined E.U. (1981) • Capital & largest city?

  20. B. The Western Balkans“The Power Keg of Europe” • Former Yugoslavia • Ethnic enclaves? • Bosnia & Herzegovina (Muslim) • Croatia (Roman Catholic) • Macedonia (Eastern Orthodox Christians) • Slovenia (Catholic) • Serbia (Eastern Orthodox Christians) • Ethnic diversity has led to violence & unrest! • Montenegro (2006) • Kosovo (2008)

  21. Yugoslavia • Why so diverse? • Balkan Peninsula was a Cultural Crossroads • Africa, Europe, & Asia • Roman Empire – Catholicism • Byzantine Empire – Eastern Orthodox Christianity • Ottoman Empire – Islam • Balkanization • To divide (a region or territory) into small, often hostile units

  22. History • Ottoman Turks (late 1300s) • Yugoslavia (WWI) • Soviet Union (WWII) • Josip Broz Tito (dictator) • 1991? • Civil Wars?

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