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TRANSFORMATIONS 2

TRANSFORMATIONS 2. MARIJA KRZNARIĆ. COMPLETE THE SECOND SENTENCE SO THAT IT HAS A SIMILAR MEANING TO THE FIRST SENTENCE, USING THE WORD GIVEN. DO NOT CHANGE THE WORD GIVEN . YOU MUST USE MORE THAN TWO WORDS, INCLUDING THE WORD GIVEN.

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TRANSFORMATIONS 2

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  1. TRANSFORMATIONS 2 MARIJA KRZNARIĆ

  2. COMPLETE THE SECOND SENTENCE SO THAT IT HAS A SIMILAR MEANING TO THE FIRST SENTENCE, USING THE WORD GIVEN. DO NOT CHANGE THE WORD GIVEN. YOU MUST USE MORE THAN TWO WORDS, INCLUDING THE WORD GIVEN. 1. I forgot her number so I couldn’t ring her. remember If 2. By pressing the button you lock all the doors. press All the doors 3. I didn’t wake up on time because I didn’t hear the alarm clock. woken If 4. The reason the dog bit him was that he was in our garden. bitten The dog 5. She wrote very fast and as a result made a lot of mistakes. slowly If she 6. Owing to technical difficulties the plane was not able to take off. able If there HAD REMEMBERED HER NUMBER, I COULD HAVE RUNG HER UP. WILL LOCK IF YOU PRESS THIS BUTTON. I’d heardthe alarm clock, I wouldhavewokenup on time. wouldn’t havebittenhimif he hadn’t beeninourgarden. HAD WRITTEN MORE SLOWLY, SHE WOULDN’T HAVE MADE SO MANY MISTAKES. hadn’t beentechnicaldifficulties, the plane wouldhavebeenable to takeoff. 2

  3. 7. He hasn’t got enough money now because he didn’t save when he was working. would If now. 8. It’s just as well you told me or I might have married him. you If 9. We couldn’t play tennis yesterday because of the rain. rain If 10. You can eat sweets but you must always brush your teeth afterwards. provided You can eat sweets 11. If you don’t get dressed right away we’ll go without you. put Unless 12. We only eat there because the prices are so low. charge If they 13. I won’t eat any more cake because I’m full. full If I 14. If that noise doesn’t stop soon I won’t feel like eating. put off That noise will unless he had savedwhen he was WORKING, HE WOULD HAVE money YOU HADN’T TOLD ME I MIGHT HAVE MARRIED HIM. ithadn’t rainedwewould’ve beenable to playtennisyesterday. providedyoubrushyourteethafterwards. YOU PUT ON YOUR CLOTHES, WE’LL GO WITHOUT YOU. didn’t charge (us) suchlowpriceswewouldn’t eat there. weren’t full, I would eat some more cake. itstopssoon. put me offeating 3

  4. 15. I’ll only leave the waiter some money if he’s quick. tip I won’t he’s quick. 16. Take my advice and don’t drink so much whisky! if I’d drink you. 17. Is that the place where you lived before? use Did you place? 18. Before I moved in I had no one to talk to. there Before I moved in anyone to talk to. 19. She doesn’t live there any more, I believe. used She , I believe. 20. Whenever I told her that story she always laughed a lot. would I used to tell her that story and a lot. 21. I couldn’t warn you because I didn’t know about it myself. warned if 22. The reason she found out about it was that he told his sister. if She if he his sister. tip thewaiterunless LESS IF I WERE USE TO LIVE IN THAT Therewasn’t used to live there shewouldalwayslaugh I HAD KNOWN ABOUT IT MYSELF. I COULD HAVE WARNED YOU wouldn’t havefoundoutaboutit HADN’T TOLD 4

  5. 23. Not realizing how unhappy she was, he spent very little time with her. would He with her if he how unhappy she was. 24. I lost her phone number so I never saw her again. have I would I hadn’t lost her phone number. 25. We’re not living together any more because she went away to university. still We if she to university. 26. She didn’t take the trouble to find out why so she doesn’t understand. had She taken the trouble to find out why. 27. Without the provision of spare parts for the machine, the project would have failed. if the project would have failed. 28. A more gradual introduction of technology would eliminate many problems. introduce many problems 29. Mary rarely watches TV. However, sometimes she watches a documentary or the news. If ever a documentary or the news. if ever HAD KNOWN WOULD HAVE SPENT MORE TIME HAVE SEEN HER AGAIN IF HADN’T GONE AWAY WOULD STILL BE LIVING TOGETHER WOULD UNDERSTAND IF SHE HAD IF THE SPARE PARTS FOR THE MACHINE HAD NOT BEEN PROVIDED, WOULD BE ELIMINATED. IF TECHNOLOGY WERE INTRODUCED MORE GRADUALLY, SHE WATCHES TV, IT’S 5

  6. HAVEN’T SEEN HIM GOT MARRIED THOUGH IT WAS RAINING ABOUT TAKING THE BEING WEALTHY SHE LIVED HAVING A NEW BOOKCASE HASN’T BEEN TYPED MUST HAVE KNOWN 6 TAKES ABOUT

  7. WAS/FELT IN A GOOD MOOD NO NEED TO WRITE WAS THE ONLY ONE WHO PUT ME THROUGH TO TOO TIRED TO GO WAS HARDLY ANYONE IN

  8. TO FIND THE/A SOLUTION TO BE A BETTER CHINESE RESTAURANT NO POINT (IN) ASKING AS WELL AS LOOKING AFTER DOES THIS GAMEBOY BELONG TO AREN’T BEING/WON’T BE SOLD IS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOOKING AFTER THE

  9. 24) Mary couldn’t eat the curry because it was too spicy.tooThe curry Mary to eat. 25) I’m sorry I didn’t kiss her when I had the chance.wishI her when I had the chance. 26) Danny wrote his best poetry while he was staying in Tel Aviv.wasDanny’s best poetry stay in Tel Aviv. 27) ‘We will send the disk only if you pay us first,’ said Luis.not‘We will you pay us first,’ said Luis. 28) Football doesn’t interest Craig.interestedCraig football. 29) You may have to sleep outside so take a sleeping bag.caseTake a sleeping bag sleep outside. 30) I’ve had enough of the noise from next door.putI refuse the noise from next door any more. 31) The council are going to demolish that old block of flats.pulledThat old block of flats down. WAS TOO SPICY FOR WISH I HAD KISSED WAS WRITTEN DURING HIS NOT SEND THE DISK UNLESS ISN’T INTERESTED IN IN CASE YOU HAVE TO TO PUT UP WITH IS GOING TO BE PULLED

  10. TIME I HAVE SEEN DID IT TAKE YOU TO TOO TIRED TO EAT IS MORE FUN THAN DOING HAS BEEN LEARNING SPANISH FOR HAS BEEN OUT OF WORK/A JOB

  11. IF/HE HAD READ HAVEN’T BEEN DRUNK FOR NOT LIKE HARRY TO BE SUGGESTED DOING SOME YOU LOSE WEIGHT YOU’LL THE FIRST TIME I HAVE HAS BEEN TURNED DOWN BY

  12. ACCUSED HIS ACCOUNTANT OF STEALING ARE NOT OLD ENOUGH HAVE BEEN ON STRIKE FOR SHOULD NOT HAVE OFFERED WOULD RATHER NOT SPEND NEVER BEEN GIVEN SUCH A 12

  13. INVERSION Sentence transformations Finish each sentence so that it is as similar in meaning as possible to the one printed before it. 1. The minute she left, the meeting broke up. No sooner ... No sooner had she left than the meeting broke up. 2. Immediately after solving one problem, I was faced with another. Hardly … Hardly had I solved one problem when I was faced with another.  3. The colour of that jacket suits you, and it fits you perfectly. Not only … Not only does the colour of that jacket suit you, but it also fits you perfectly.  4. The minute he set eyes on her, he fell in love. No sooner ... No sooner had he/did he set eyes on her than he fell in love.  5. You must remember to pay that bill, whatever you do. On no account ... On no account must/should you forget to pay that bill. 13

  14. 6. He did not start to feel ill until after the meal. Only when ... Only when he had finished the meal/the meal had ended did he start to feel ill. 7. People are not free from the influence of TV anywhere in the world. Nowhere ... Nowhere in the world are people free from the influence of TV. 8. There has not been an invention which so radically affected society since the printing press. Not since ... Not since the printing press has there been an invention which so radically affected society. 9. You rarely find a family without a television set nowadays. Rarely ... Rarely do you find a family without a television set these days. 10. Busy parents can seldom resist the temptation to use the TV as a childminder. Seldom ... Seldom can busy parents resist the temptation to use the TV as a childminder.  11. Some claim that TV discourages conversation and also encourages anti-social behaviour. Not only ... Not only does TV discourage conversation, but it also encourages anti-social behaviour.  14

  15. 12. Researchers have not found a single case of violence that could be directly linked to a TV programme. Not a ... Not a single case of violence have researchers found that could be directly linked to a TV. Transform the sentences but keep the same meaning: taken aback by an unforgettable is shorter than Never before I had studied more will come true. suspects Frank of stealing 15

  16. whose dog it marriage is planned for last time I ate Rewrite the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use no more than 5 words. 1 You must never take your helmet off while you are riding a motorcycle. all Helmets must be worn when riding a motorcycle. 2 They wanted to apologize for their behavior: that's why they paid for dinner. order They paid for dinner for their behavior. 3 It isn't necessary to bring skis as they are included in the package. have You bring skis as they are included in the package. at all times in order to apologize don’t have to

  17. 4 I thought parking was allowed here. under the impression I was under the impression that parking was allowed here. 5 Tom said, "I will be playing tennis when you arrive." he Tom said he would be playing tennis when I arrived. 6 When I was a child, we would go to the local park every Saturday afternoon. used When I was a child, we used to go to the park every Saturday. 7 His daughter continued to cry until he could not be seen any longer. sight She continued to cry until he was out of sight. 8 I'm afraid that car is just too expensive. means I’m afraid that car is beyond my means. 9 They moved to this suburb in 1997. lived They have lived in this suburb since 1997.

  18. 10 One other thing before I forget - Jack is coming to visit next weekend. by , Jack is coming to visit next weekend. 11 They managed to finish the project in time for the presentation. succeeded They the project in time for the presentation. 12 Maurice didn't come to the meeting yesterday. Perhaps he was ill. might Maurice yesterday. 13 Jane allows her children to stay up to midnight on Saturday evenings. let Jane late on Saturdays. 14 Luckily, Peter wasn't charged with an offense when the police caught him stealing the first time. off Peter was very lucky because he. 15 Can I accompany you to the party? mind Do you to the party? By the way succeded in finishing might have been ill lets her children stay up was let off mind my accompanying you

  19. 16 I wish you didn't drive so fast. only If so fast. 17 I think Tom needs to see a doctor. His cough is terrible. ought With that terrible cough, Tom a doctor. 18 You should feel horrible! Why did you say that to Jack? shame ! Why did you say that to Jack? 19 The authorities said she wasn't responsible for the accident. fault The accident 20 "Why don't you take a holiday?", said Peter. suggested Peter a holiday. 21 I haven't seen Tom for ages. since It's been a long time Tom. only you didn’t drive ought to see Shame on you wasn’t her fault. suggested I take since I last saw

  20. 22 They were still playing tennis after three hours. been They for three hours. 23 He didn't want to join in the celebrations. take He didn't want the celebrations. 24 What a shame he wasn't able to come. wish I wish come. 25 I took a sweater but it wasn't necessary. taken I a sweater. 26 If you don't know how to spell the word, why don't you check in the dictionary? up Why don't in the dictionary? 27 Somebody should tell him. told He by someone. had been playing to take part in he had been able to needn’t have taken you look the word up needs to be told

  21. 28 The concert was horrible. time The concert was a complete . 29 He couldn't find me at the exhibition. find He wasn't able me at the exhibition. 30 She let her son go to New York for the weekend. allowed She to New York. 31 I haven't seen her for ages. time The was 15 years ago. 32 I didn't understand what he was saying because I hadn't read his book. would If I had read his book what he was saying. 33 As the class representative I would like to welcome you. behalf I'd like to welcome you the class. waste of time to find allowed her son to go last time I saw her I would have understood on behalf of

  22. 34 They believe the students were educated in Canada. believed The students educated in Canada. 35 He escaped using a disguise. means He escaped a disguise. 36 Remind me to call Jack. forget Don't let Jack. 37 This pasta is a new experience for me. time It is I have tried this pasta. 38 She has probably found a new job. likely Ita new job. 39 I don't agree with prohibiting smoking in bars. favour I'm prohibiting smoking in bars. are believed to have been by means of me to forget to call the first time is likely she has found not in favour of

  23. 40 It doesn't need to be finished this afternoon. finish It this afternoon. 41 Pittsburgh is less exciting than New York. as Pittsburgh New York. 42 He couldn't read the inscription because it was too high. low The inscription wasn't for him to reach. 43 She didn't accept his marriage proposal. down She 44 We were told to wait here by the director. who It was the director to wait here. 45 Can you look after the kids this afternoon? of Can the kids this afternoon? isn’t necessary to finish isn’t as exciting as low enough turned his marriage proposal down. who told us you take care of

  24. 46 "Why don't you take a day off?" asked Jim. should Jim suggested a day off. 47 He acts like a poor man even if he has a lot of money. fact Even though he acts like a poor man, he has a lot of money. 48 I didn't mean to break that vase. on I didn't break that vase 49 Jack says Jenny is responsible. according It's Jenny's Jack. 50 I was so bored by his lecture that I left. boring His lecture was I left. 51 I am afraid I'm still having problems with understanding life in New York. used I living in New York. I should take in fact on purpose. responsibility according to so boring that am not used to

  25. 51 I think we need to get a new car. in We need to get a new car 52 I'd prefer it if you didn't smoke in here. mind smoking in here? 53 Many people were delayed because of the traffic jam. number were delayed by the traffic jam. 54 It was such an interesting novel I stayed up all night to finish it. so The novel was I stayed up all night to finish it. 55 Although he was able to do the job, he wasn't given the position. despite to do the job, he wasn't given the position. 56 You should take the train instead of the bus. were If , I'd take the train instead of the bus. in my opinion. Would you mind not A number of people so interesting Despite his ability I were you

  26. 57 Can you describe him to me? like What ? 58 It isn't necessary to buy a first class ticket. have You a first class ticket. 59 I'm sure he was at home last night. must He at home last night. is he like don’t have to buy must have been Why the above transformations at all? The ability to rewrite sentences so that they have the same meaning as the original is often required for many English ESL EFL Exams such as Cambridge's First Certificate, CAE and Proficiency. This skill can also help you prepare for the TOEFL examination (Test of English as a Foreign Language). It is also an important skill which can help you improve your understanding of similar English expressions and vocabulary.

  27. ANY QUESTIONS? NO? THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

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