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Agenda

A New Isolated Grid Paradigm; All Renewables-----No Diesel Brett Pingree, VP America’s Northern Power Systems March 9 th , 2011. Agenda. Why No Diesel? Similarities to Isolated Arctic Grid Projects Overview of Project What Does the All RE Model Look Like? Project Details

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Agenda

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  1. A New Isolated Grid Paradigm;All Renewables-----No DieselBrett Pingree, VP America’sNorthern Power SystemsMarch 9th, 2011

  2. Agenda • Why No Diesel? • Similarities to Isolated Arctic Grid Projects • Overview of Project • What Does the All RE Model Look Like? • Project Details • Challenges to Project

  3. Why No Diesel? • Hedge Against Rising Costs (and Procurement) of Diesel Acquisition • Limited Hazardous Waste Impact • Reduced Acoustic Impact • Save on Fuel Storage Costs • Significantly Increase Safety • Make a Green Statement (Marketing)

  4. Similarities to AK Isolated Grid Projects • Expensive Diesel!! • Difficult Access to Sites • Cranes, Heavy Equipment, and Skilled Labor • Weather (Hurricanes and Extreme Heat) • Weak Grid, Intermittent Power • Permitting and Fish/Wildlife (Iguanas and Parrots) • Soil challenges (Coral) • Salt Corrosion • Sharks instead of Bears

  5. All Renewable Bahamian Resort • 2 Parallel 300 kVA Static Power Invertors • 5 Proven’s 15kW • 2 Northern Power 100kw • 4 PV arrays of 308 Panels (65kW dc) each [260 Kw total] • 3 x 250kW Backup CAT Diesels • 2.16 MW-Hr Battery Storage System • 3 Battery Banks 360Vdc (180 cells (2000AHr) each) • Associated DC and AC switching • On-line June 2011 Expects to be the First 100% All Renewable Energy Destination Resort

  6. Additional Project Details • Wide Connected Load Range: ~75kW (min.) – ~300kw (Peak) expected • Daily Average Loads: 1,800 – 3,000 kw-Hr/day • Inverter-Based PV/Wind Grid • Inverters provide system frequency & voltage reference • Very fast response to load change • Efficient energy conversion thru wide load range • Bi-directional Inverter/Charger to manage battery bank SOC • Higher degree of WTG penetration than traditional WD/diesel grid

  7. Challenges to Project • Grid Impedance May Be Higher Than Typical Diesel Grid • Final System Optimization May Require Turbine Control Adjustments • Dispatch Coordination Between Inverters & WTG Critical to Performance Stability • 120 Ton Installation Crane delivery and Concrete dispatch • Unique advanced system configuration • Island time, expect the unexpected • Battery Life and Cost to Maintain • Hurricanes

  8. Promote Creative Solutions to Get Us Off Fossil Fuels! • Higher Degree of Penetration (diesel offset) Possible • Common DC Bus Supports Separate Inverter Sources for Redundancy • Split Power System- Balancing Different Feeds from Same Source   • Verified Inverter-Based System • Inverter Will Control Frequency & Voltage   • W-D Control Integration Similar to Diesel Integration • No Fossil Fuels!

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