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Developing & Supporting Your Ideas

Developing & Supporting Your Ideas. Chapter 7. Claims and Evidence. Claim--An assertion that must be proved Evidence--Materials speakers use to support their ideas. Claims need support. Claims. Narrative. Statistics. Definitions. Examples. Testimony. Examples.

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Developing & Supporting Your Ideas

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  1. Developing &Supporting Your Ideas Chapter 7

  2. Claims and Evidence • Claim--An assertion that must be proved • Evidence--Materials speakers use to support their ideas

  3. Claims need support Claims Narrative Statistics Definitions Examples Testimony

  4. Examples • Specific instances used to illustrate a concept, experience, issue, or problem

  5. Use Examples • To clarify concepts • To reinforce points • To bring concepts to life • To elicit emotions • To build case or make credible generalizations

  6. Using ExamplesEthically & Effectively • Relevant & appropriate • Ethical hypothetical example • Enough examples to support claim • Account for counter examples

  7. Narrative • A story that re-creates or foretells real or hypothetical events

  8. Use Narratives • To personalize a point • To challenge an audience • To think in new ways • To emotionally draw in an audience • To unite speaker & audience

  9. Using NarrativesEthically & Effectively • Make a specific point • Length appropriate • Language vivid • Delivery appropriate • Story appropriate for audience

  10. Statistics • Numerical summaries of facts, figures, & research findings

  11. Use Statistics • To synthesize large amounts of information • When numbers tell a powerful story • When numerical evidence strengthens a claim

  12. Using StatisticsEthically & Effectively • Evaluate statistics carefully • Use statistics sparingly Visit Web Link 7.2: Statistics Site at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

  13. Testimony • Opinions or observations of others: • direct quotation • paraphrase • expert testimony • peer testimony • personal testimony

  14. Use Testimony • When expert voice need • To illustrate differences • To illustrate agreements • When experience says it best

  15. Using TestimonyEthically & Effectively • Credible source of testimony • Unbiased testimony • Paraphrased accurately • Testimony connected to the point

  16. Definitions • Denotative definition: objective or dictionary definition • Connotative definition: subjective meaning of a word or a phrase

  17. Use Definitions • To develop understanding • To clarify an emotionally or politically charged word • To illustrate what a word is not • To trace the history of a word

  18. Using DefinitionsEthically & Effectively • Source of the definition credible • Avoid proper meaning superstition • Actually define the term Try Web Link 7.4: Word Origins at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

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