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Millennium Development Goals

Millennium Development Goals. United Nations 2000-2015. 1. Eradicate Extreme Poverty & Hunger. World Bank establishes $1/day (US$) as the poverty level. 2. Achieve Universal Primary Education. Teachers represent hope How can we hold (inter)national leaders to their promises?.

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Millennium Development Goals

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  1. MillenniumDevelopmentGoals United Nations 2000-2015

  2. 1. Eradicate Extreme Poverty & Hunger • World Bank establishes $1/day (US$) as the poverty level.

  3. 2. Achieve Universal Primary Education • Teachers represent hope • How can we hold (inter)national leaders to their promises?

  4. Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women • Why is this crucial for development? • Birth Control • Improved health benefits economy • More likely to send girls to school • Can participate in economy to larger extent

  5. 4 & 5: • Reduce child mortality by 2/3 • Improve maternal health • Reduce maternal mortality by 3/4

  6. 6. Combat HIV/AIDS • And malaria, and other diseases. • Better health leads to more wealth. • No clear agreement about who is in charge of this initiative. • Too broad to be effective?

  7. 7. Ensure Environmental Sustainability • Urbanization • Safe Water & Sanitation • Slums of Hope v. Slums of Despair

  8. 8. A Global Partnership for Development • Rich Countries • Relieve Debt • Help with new technologies • Increase Aid • Poor Countries • Better governance • Tackle Corruption

  9. Trade Barriers • Support developing local economies. • Find balance: • Subsidies • Management of surpluses • Foreign aide • Tariffs • Fair pricing

  10. MGD Leaves Out: • Crime • Drug Trade • Arms Trade • Social Issues • OR: addressing poverty as a root cause will alleviate these issues?

  11. War on Terror • Poses an obstacle for MDG • Diverts attention and resources of rich countries • Development v. Defense • Which will get at root cause? • Build Peace v. Fight Defensive War

  12. The Real Leap Forward China and the UN Millennium Development Goals

  13. Reduced Poverty in China • 1978: 250 million below poverty • 30% of population • 2006: 28.2 million below poverty line. • <3% of population • World Bank: $1/day

  14. Household Responsibility System (1978) • End centralized agricultural planning • Return communal farms to individual families • Aimed at helping rural poor

  15. SW Poverty Alleviation Project • Joint project of China and the World Bank • Basic Infrastructure Development: • Roads • Electricity • Water management systems • Improved seed and animal stocks • Sustainable, cleaner energy resources

  16. Dragon Heads • Entrepreneurs • Inspire others, create opportunities • Risk destabilizing social structure by increasing economic disparity

  17. Come Down from the Mountain • Rural labor migration • Residence permits • Facilitate rural poor moving to small cities in a controlled fashion

  18. Western Development Project • Loess Plateau, Yellow River • Transform desert into arable land • Rehabilitate ecosystem: • Terracing • Cover crops to protect soil • Sustainable clean water • Controlling herds of goats (etc.)

  19. More Information • www.tve.org/lifeonline • The Millenium Goals - Dream or Reality? • The Real Leap Forward • www.mdgmonitor.org/ • Interactive maps and profiles • www.un.org/english

  20. The Buck Stops Here • $150 million = Chinese Loess Plateau Project. • $40 billion = Microsoft spent to buy Yahoo last week. • $275 million/day = US in Iraq • $17 billion = US on nuclear weapons in 2007 • $1.5 billion = Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation must give away annually to maintain Charitable Organization tax status.

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