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Bell Work

Bell Work. How many characters are there in the Chinese language? The Chinese language has over 20,000 characters. How many of those characters do most Chinese people learn in their life time? The average Chinese only learns about 5,000 of these in his lifetime.

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Bell Work

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  1. Bell Work • How many characters are there in the Chinese language? • The Chinese language has over 20,000 characters. • How many of those characters do most Chinese people learn in their life time? • The average Chinese only learns about 5,000 of these in his lifetime. • How long is the Great Wall of China? • The Great Wall of China is also known as the "Ten Thousand Li Wall", one Li is equal to 500 meters. The wall is over 1500 miles in length. • What is the total land size of China? • total: 9,596,961 sq km - - - 5,964550 sq mi • How many countries are larger than China in sq km? • country comparison to the world: 4 • What is the total population of China? • 1,338,612,968 (July 2009 est.)

  2. Objectives • Students will evaluate the different views the Chinese have of themselves and their country • Evaluate how the geography affects the different cultures and population of China • Compare the geography, culture, and lifestyles of China and the US

  3. China The Land and People

  4. In China The Middle Kingdom or Central Country People of the Central Country In Europe China Chinese “Middle Kingdom”

  5. What is Central about China? • China - largest country in Asia • 4thlargest country in world • Russia, Canada & US are larger • China in the heartland of Asia • Bordered on 3 sides by other countries & the Pacific on the other side • Cut off by Himalayan Mountains

  6. Where do people live? • East - six of seven Chinese live • Why? • East has Rivers • Farmers live near rivers for fertile soil • Large trading cities are along the great rivers • They lead to the Pacific Ocean • Almost impossible to live in the North & West • Tall mountains and deserts – Gobi Desert • “empty lands”

  7. China’s Rivers • Hwang Ho (Yellow, Huang He) • 2nd longest in China, 6th in the world • Very unpredictable • Overflows, causing disastrous floods • Since 600 BC over 1,500 floods have been recorded • At some places, the bottom of the river is 10m above surrounding plains • The Chinese even deliberately let the river flood to stop the Japanese • Japanese defeated but also caused a famine which killed 880,000 people • Nicknamed “China’s Sorrow”

  8. China’s Rivers • Yangtze • Largest River in China • Kinder river • Hardly ever overflows • China’s lifeline to the sea • Rich farmlands to the south • Monsoon rains make it ideal for rice • Not reliable • Major centers of Chinese commerce to the north

  9. The People • What keeps people apart from each other? • China’s Vastness • Mountains & deserts • People go their separate ways • Have own customs and habits • Call people from other provinces “men from other lands” • Compare China to the United States

  10. Isolated from the world Geography keeps it cut off naturally Pacific Ocean kept the Chinese isolated as well Result: Inward-looking people Little interest in other places Considered themselves the best or center of the world The World

  11. Ice cream was invented in China around  2000BC when the Chinese packed a soft milk and rice mixture in the snow. The Chinese year is based on the cycles of the moon.   This is called a lunar schedule.  A complete cycle of  the Chinese calendar takes 60 years.  The Chinese calendar dates back to  2600 B.C.  It is the oldest known calendar. When a Chinese child loses a baby tooth, it doesn't get tucked under the pillow for the tooth fairy.  If the child loses an upper tooth, the child's parents plant the tooth in the ground, so the new tooth will grow in straight and healthy.  Parents toss a lost bottom tooth up to the rooftops, so that the new tooth will grow upwards, too. At one time, Chinese patriots hoped to rid themselves of hated foreign conquerors.  To announce the time of an uprising, the patriots hid messages in moon cakes. Fourth graders are expected to know 2,000 of the over 40,000 written Chinese characters.  By the time they leave college, they will know 4,000 or 5,000 characters.  Each character is learned by looking at it and memorizing it. Unlike the 26 letters of our alphabet, words cannot be sounded out letter by letter. China is sometimes a day ahead of the United States. Fun Facts

  12. Original Leap Frog IQ Test :: SonnyRadio.com

  13. Objectives • Compare and contrast the Mandate of Heaven and Divine Right. • Explain the different steps with in the Dynastic Cycle.

  14. China The Mandate of Heaven & The Dynastic Cycle

  15. The Mandate of Heaven • Definition: • Concept for rulers • Heaven blessed the authority of a just ruler • Would take away authority of an unjust ruler • Used in China • Keep power of the rulers under control • Kick out rulers not doing the right thing for China

  16. Divine Right vs. Mandate • Similar • Received power from divine approval (god) • Differences • Divine right = unconditional • Never overthrow • Mandate = conditional (behavior of the ruler) • Can overthrow unjust rulers • Evidence that the Mandate is over

  17. Origins • Shang • Had used divine power • Believed the gods gave kings power • Zhou Dynasty • Used the mandate to justify the overthrow of the Shang • Zhou said the king had misused his power • Floods and famines were proof the Mandate was taken away

  18. Dynastic Cycle in China • Strong dynasty brings peace • has the Mandate of Heaven • Dynasty declines and becomes corrupt • Taxes increase, power decreases • Disasters occur • Floods, famines, revolts, invasions

  19. Dynastic Cycle in China 4. Old dynasty loses Mandate • Rebellion is justified 5. Dynasty is overthrown • Through rebellion 6. New dynasty gains power • Claims to have mandate • Restores power

  20. Questions • Rulers who have Divine Right get their power from…? • What is the difference b/w Divine Right and Mandate of Heaven? • What is a sign that a ruler has lost the Mandate and rebellion may occur? • What is the difference b/w the Zhou and the Shang Dynasties?

  21. To Do • Read “The Old China Gives Way to the New” • Complete the notes that go along with the reading.

  22. Bell Work • What is the difference between Divine Right and Mandate of Heaven? • What was the last dynasty to have Divine Right and which dynasty was the first to use the Mandate of Heaven? • What must occur in order for the Mandate of Heaven to end?

  23. Objectives • Compare and contrast the different Dynastical Regimes and their effects on China

  24. Chinese Dynasties

  25. SHANG1750BC-1200BC • 1st Recorded Dynasty • Used divination – foretelling the future- to answer questions • Glazed pottery was made • Wheel came into use

  26. ZHOU1200BC – 300BC • Conquered the Shang • part of the Shang kingdom • Economy grew with the use of iron tools and irrigation • Agricultural based society • Trade expanded so cities developed • Chopsticks came into use • Legalist philosophy developed • The act of following laws • Support the state, king, and the military

  27. QIN221BC – 206BC Central government with strong emperor replaced independent states • Legalism helped unite China • Outsiders call the area China • Uniform system of writing was established • Only lasted 15 years • Construction of the Great Wall started

  28. HAN206BC – 220AD • Confucius • Everything has its beauty but not everyone sees it. • Forget injuries, never forget kindnesses. • He who will not economize will have to agonize. • I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand. • It does not matter how slowly you go so long as you do not stop. • Establishment of Confucianism as the official ideology over Legalism • Best qualified were given jobs • Roads were built because of increase in trade • “Silk Road” connected China with Rome • Civil war ended the dynasty • China went without a central government for 4 centuries

  29. TANG629 – 907AD • Established state schools • Great cultural achievements – Golden Age • Creative period for artists and poets • Tang armies brought Korea, Tibet, and Central Asia under their control

  30. (Manchu)QING1644 – 1850’s • Manchus ruled China • Manchus were less than 2% of the population • Qing emperors restricted trade with Europe and Russia • Grudgingly traded with the west because population increased so fast

  31. Questions • What was the 1st dynasty? • What late, great empire was the Han dynasty connected to and through what? • State schools were established during which dynasty? • List 1 thing built or invented for each dynasty. • List the dynasty and what they built/invented.

  32. To Do • Study for Test. • Test on Wednesday when we return

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