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Bell Work

Bell Work. Clean sheet of paper. Name, Date, Period, Lab group UPPER RIGHT CORNER. Show ALL your work. 3300.584 divided by 34.67 35 is what percent of 2800? 6544 liters = ? Milliliters 1.35 X 10 6 + 3.72 X 10 5 = 3.78 X 10 3 X 2.9 X 10 2 =. Bell Work Do The Math.

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Bell Work

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  1. Bell Work • Clean sheet of paper. • Name, Date, Period, Lab group UPPER RIGHT CORNER. • Show ALL your work. • 3300.584 divided by 34.67 • 35 is what percent of 2800? • 6544 liters = ? Milliliters • 1.35 X 106 + 3.72 X 105 = • 3.78 X 103 X 2.9 X 102 =

  2. Bell Work Do The Math • A Web search of environmental organizations yielded a range of estimates of the amount of forest clearing that is occurring worldwide. • Estimate 1: 1 acre per second • Estimate 2: 80,000 acres per day • Estimate 3: 32,000 ha per day • Convert all three estimates into hectares per year and compare them. • Why would you report this in different ways? • 2.47 acres = 1 ha Notebook: Facts and formulas

  3. Case Study – Neuse RiverPg. 1 • The Mysterious Neuse River Fish Killer pg.1 • What was the observation? • What was the cause? • What factors promoted the deaths? • What is meant by unintended consequences? • Why is environmental science controversial?

  4. Case Study – Easter Islandpg.12 • What was the major resource? • What were the services provided by the trees? • What caused the trees to become depleted? • How did the population deal with the loss of this resource? • What were the unintended consequences of the loss of crops? • Why did the people not just leave the island when the resource was gone? • What happened to the people as the resource was depleted?

  5. Overview • Compare & Contrast • Environment. • Environmental science. • Environmental studies.

  6. Organization of the Biosphere • Atoms – Molecules • Cells • Tissues • Organs • Systems • Organisms

  7. Species/Populations • Communities • Ecosystem • Biotic factors • Abiotic factors • Biosphere

  8. Anthropogenic Effects • We, humans, manipulate the environment more than any species. • Organisms have three choices: Unintended Consequences Miami Beach 1900 2014

  9. It is impossible for millions of people to inhabit an area without altering it. Los Angeles 6,000 people 4 million people

  10. Ecosystem Services and Sustainability • Ecosystem services. • Examples: • Environmental indicators. • Definition • 5 Indicators

  11. #1 Biological DiversityEnvironmental Indicator • Biodiversity • Differences in life forms in the environment. • Types • Genetic – Species – Ecosystem • Genetic diversity

  12. Species Diversity • Species Richness • Number of different species in an area. • Species Evenness • Number of each species in an area • 2 million identified and catalogued. • 5 – 100 million estimated species. • Most common estimate of 10 million.

  13. Speciation • Species arise and become extinct. • Speciation • Evolution of a new species. • 1 – 3 worldwide per year. • Habitat destruction and degradation are the most common causes of extinction. • Background extinction rate. • 2 species per year • Mass extinction rate • 99.9% of all known species are now extinct.

  14. Ecosystem Diversity • Measure of the diversity or habitats in an area.

  15. #2 Food ProductionEnvironmental Indicator • Our ability to grow food to nourish the human population. • World grains • Examples: • ½ calories and proteins. • Amount of food produced on a given area: • Increased since the 1950s. • Due to:

  16. Food Production • Per capita grain production: • Interpret the graph from 1950-2010 • Compare areas with most population to areas of food production. • Food shortages produce:

  17. Factors Affecting Food Production • Explain how each factor affects food production: • Climate • Land • Soil • Population • Livestock • Ethanol, biodiesel

  18. #3 Average Global Temperatures and CO2 Concentrations Environmental Indicator • Temperature necessary for the presence of liquid water. • Greenhouse gases. • Maintain the temperature. • CO2 is a greenhouse gas • Earth’s climate was very stable up until the last 2 centuries.

  19. Layers of Atmosphere • Layers of Atmosphere • Troposphere • Stratosphere • Mesosphere • Thermosphere • Exosphere • Where is climate? • Where are the greenhouse gases?

  20. CO2 and Temperature • CO2 is the most important greenhouse gas. • Increase is anthropogenic • Combustion of fossil fuels. • Loss of carbon sinks. • Associated with rise in temperatures.

  21. #4 Human PopulationEnvironmental Indicator • 7 billion and growing • One million additional people every 5 days. • Population growth has been slowing down since the 1960s. • World population will continue to increase for the next 50 – 100 years. • Why?

  22. #5 Resource DepletionEnvironmental Indicator • Depletion of non-renewable resources. • Environmental concerns over the extraction of the resources. • Resources • Non-renewable – finite and cannot be recycled or reused. • Non-renewable – finite and can be recycled and reused. • Renewable but must be used sustainably. • Renewable but continuous supply.

  23. Resource Use • Development – improvement in human well-being through economic advancement. • Developed countries/Developing countries

  24. Sustainable Living • Living on earth in such a way that allows humans to use its resources without depriving future generations of those resources.

  25. Ecological Footprint • The measure of how much that a person consumes expressed in an area of land. • Output from the total amount of land required to support a person’s lifestyle

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