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Better food for an undernourished world

Better food for an undernourished world. The Promise and Challenges of Biofortification H OWARTH E . B OUIS Director HarvestPlus. BACKGROUND. 250. 200. 150. 100. 50. 0. India. India. World. Pakistan. Pakistan. Developing. Developing. Developing. Bangladesh. Bangladesh.

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Better food for an undernourished world

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  1. Better food for an undernourished world The Promise and Challenges of Biofortification HOWARTHE. BOUIS Director HarvestPlus

  2. BACKGROUND

  3. 250 200 150 100 50 0 India India World Pakistan Pakistan Developing Developing Developing Bangladesh Bangladesh % Changes in Cereal & Pulse Production & in Population: 1965 & 1999 Cereals Pulses Population

  4. Staples Non-Staple Plants Fish and Animal SHARE OF ENERGY INTAKE FOR RURAL BANGLADESH

  5. HarvestPlusProgram Strategy Develop micronutrient dense staple crops using the best traditional breeding practices and modern biotechnology to achieve provitamin A, iron, and zinc concentrations that can have measurable effects on nutritional status

  6. Biofortification Comparative Advantages and Niche • Uses agriculture as an instrument to improve public health – a new tool • Research at a central location can be leveraged across countries and across time; therefore, highly cost-effective and sustainable. • Complements other public health interventions by starting in rural areas and then reaching into urban areas

  7. SOME RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

  8. Commitments to public R&D of biofortified crops, 2004-2009 • HarvestPlus Global ($48 million) • Latin Am. Biofortification ($12 million) • India Biofortification ($ 3 million) • Gates Grand Challenge #9 • Sorghum ($16.9 million) • Rice ($11.3 million) • Cassava ($ 7.5 million) • Banana ($ 1.1 million)

  9. Golden Rice can satisfy vitamin A requirements SGR2 SGR1 1.2 – 1.8 up to 8.0 up to 36.7 Provitamin A Carotenoid levels (ug/g) SGR1 and SGR2 were produced by Syngenta and have been donated to the GR Humanitarian Board.

  10. Contribution to Vitamin A Intake 200% SGR2 150% Percent of Recommended Vitamin A Intake (WHO/FAO) Non-staple 100% plant Animal and Fish 50% 0% Adult Women Children

  11. High Iron Rice improves iron levels p = .13 p = .032 0.0 -0.9 +0.6 p = .036 -0.5 +1.2 +0.1 2.6 6.0 8.7 Source: Haas, Beard, Murray-Kolb, del Mundo, Felix and Gregorio, 2005. Journal of Nutrition (Forthcoming)

  12. Beta Carotene Rich Sweetpotato: increases vitamin A status Supervised feeding; 125 g x 5 d/wk for 10.5 wk; 1030 g RAE OFSP vs 0 g RAE WFSP; 90% compliance; 250% RDA van Jaarsveld et al, (May 2005) American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

  13. SELECTED CHALLENGES

  14. Hitting nutritional targets with conventional plant breeding

  15. Reaching the end users:the final challenge

  16. Pakistan Wheat Area

  17. Pakistan Variety Area Share, 1997 Source: CIMMYT Database

  18. Pakistan, Peshawar Advanced Line Inquilab 91

  19. Orange Fleshed Sweetpotato

  20. Reaching End Users

  21. Farmer adoption and seed systems

  22. Demand Creation . Towards Sustainable Nutrition Improvement in Rural Mozambique (TSNI), Project Activities April - September 2004

  23. Market Development

  24. Demand Creation

  25. Interdisciplinary Communication and Cooperation is Essential • Plant Breeders • Molecular Biologists • Food Technologists • Human Nutritionists • Farm Extensionists • Experts in Food Product Development/Marketing • Nutrition Communications Experts • Economists

  26. CONCLUSION

  27. In Conclusion … “Such intimately related subjects as agriculture, food, nutrition and health have become split up into innumerable rigid and self-contained little units, each in the hands of some group of specialists. The experts, as their studies become concentrated on smaller and smaller fragments, soon find themselves … learning more and more about less and less. Everywhere knowledge increases at the expense of understanding …"

  28. In Conclusion “The remedy is to look at the whole field covered by crop production,animal husbandry, food, nutrition, and health as one related subject and then to realize the great principle that the birthright of every crop, every animal, and every human being is health.”

  29. In Conclusion The Soil and Health, 1945 Sir Albert Howard, 1873-1947

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