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Market surveillance on electrical equipment in Denmark

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harrisc
31 diapositives · 336 Views · Jan 01, 2020

Learn about how market surveillance is carried out in Denmark for electrical equipment and the achievements, shortcomings, and challenges faced. Explore the triggers for market surveillance, statistical data used, and the measures taken to ensure compliance.

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  1. Market surveillance on electrical equipment in Denmark UNECE FORUM ON MARKET SURVEILLANCE Session II: Practical experiences when implementing market surveillance on sectoral level II.1: Household electrical goods29th October - Geneva Jan Roedjan.roed@elraadet.dk Head of Market Surveillance and Standardisation Danish Electricity Council

  2. How is Market Surveillance carried out in DK About the Electricity Council What triggers Market Surveillance Basic elements Use of statistic to make targeted surveillance How to obtain statistical date The most striking problems in the area of non-compliance What are the achievements of Market Surveillance Information exchange between Member States What are the shortcomings of Market Surveillance Content

  3. The Electricity Council One office located in Copenhagen Responsibility of all electrical matters 54 employees in total 8 inspectors handle the practical Market Surveillance activities (directly related to electrical appliances) Market Surveillance in Denmark

  4. Ministry of Economic and Enterprises The Electricity Council Market Surveillance in Denmark Market surveil-lance Instal-lations Autho-risation Utility grid Standar-disation

  5. It is a de facto requirement from the LVD !! Special Projects (i.e. Christmas lighting chains) An accident (fire or electric shock) involving an electrical apparatus A complaint (consumer/retailer/importer/manufacturer) Random inspection A notification under article 9 or via the RAPEX system from another EU Member State What triggers Market Surveillance?

  6. Catch of data to produce statistic • Fire and electric shock related to the use of electric apparatus and installations reported directly to the Electricity Council • Data from Emergency rooms in hospitals in DK covering 14% of the population • Reports from the police (fire and accidents) • Report from the workers' safety agency (accidents which cause more than one day off work) • Information from the press (newspaper etc)

  7. Production of accident statistic • For electric shock and arcs • 100 % of all fatal accidents • serious accidents on work • 14 % accidents by laymen • For fires • all large fires (cost >150.000 €) • approx. 20% of smaller fires • The production of the documents costs 3 man years!

  8. Calculation of the cost of fire and electric shock for the society Registered electric fires cost 82 Mio € Estimated electric fires (from insurance companies and press) cost 400 Mio € Electric shock and arcs cost 29 Mio € => In principle we should only look for products which have a risk of fire!!! Main findings from statistic

  9. Low Voltage Directive What causes the fires? Installations 25% Household appliances 37% Railways 1% Machinery 7% Utilities 3% Luminaires 12% Radio, TV, computers 15%

  10. Which household appliances cause fire ? Number of fires in year 2000 Kettles Toasters Owens, stows Hot air heaters Electrical radiator Tumbler dryers Hoovers and similar Washing machines Refrigerators and freezers Heating blankets and pads

  11. Other apparatus causing fires Number of fires in year 2000 TV-set Radio etc. Luminaires Machinery for production etc. Other apparatus Machinery for main- tenance of buildings

  12. Information needed !!!! Market Surveillance Fixed installations Reasons for fire Wrong use of apparatus 26% Unknown 37% Old apparatus 10% Mist 6% Error in apparatus 1% Loose connection 7% Animals 3% Insulation 10%

  13. A product is chosen Technical investigations Evaluation of the result in relation to LVD Article 2 Decision of measures to be taken Formal notification Market Surveillance - basic elements

  14. Purchase the product in a shop Request samples from manufacturer or importer Border control - custom co-operation (not regarding EU or EEA countries) How to choose a product

  15. Visual inspection Request of EC-declaration of conformity Test by Notified Body Metal lampholder Lack of insulation Risk of shock Technical investigations

  16. LVD Article 2, Electrical equipment may be placed on the market only if It is constructed in accordance with good engineering practice in safety matters It does not endanger the safety of persons, domestic animals or property It must be proven that the product is dangerous - not only that it do not comply with standards Evaluation of the result

  17. If the product is immediately dangerous /risk of fire or shock or mechanical risk sales ban & withdrawal from consumers via advertising in all major newspapers or in TV If the product is dangerous (one more foreseeable failure can make it immediately dangerous) sales ban & withdrawal from retailer 15-20 per year in DK 30-50 per year in DK Decision of measures to be taken

  18. If measures are taken, Denmark Notifies the other EU and EEA Member States 5-10 pages including pictures... Formal Notification

  19. Formal notification (pictures) The same electronically controlled toaster, as it appears after an accident... Toaster - as it is sold in the shop...

  20. Lack of cable anchorage Insulation problems (too short distances - bad quality of insulation) Poor mechanical design (access to live parts without use of tools) Child appealing luminaires constructed to 230V Problems with thermal switches Typical safety problems

  21. Most striking problems

  22. DK tends to use more and more information campaigns on ”what to do” DK co-operates with Industry, importers, retailers and other stakeholders (information meetings) DK uses many resources on standardisation (5 man years and 1,5 Mio € per year for external help and translation of standards) Enforcement is not only Market Surveillance

  23. Looking into ”other risks” than fire and electric shock (mechanical risk and risk of hot surfaces of electrical consumer products) Eliminating the most dangerous products with regard to fire and electric shock Feedback to standardisation dept. and information dept. Achievements of Market Surveillance • Looking into ”other risks” than fire and electric shock (mechanical risk and risk of hot surfaces of electrical consumer products) • Eliminating the most dangerous products with regard to fire and electric shock • Feedback to standardisation dept. and information dept.

  24. Improvements in the practices • More targeted and less random Market Surveillance • Common projects with other countries • Co-operation with custom authorities • Use of notifications made by other countries

  25. Paper copy Sweden Finland DK notifi-cation Denmark Germany France Electronic version Italy …. Spain Information exchange between Member States

  26. Member states meets twice every year Discussion on measures taken Alignment of decisions Coordination with the Commission Networking LVD ADCO

  27. Typical distribution of products

  28. Origin of manufacturer for products

  29. Improvements in the procedures • Intensive use of electronic tools • internet for tracing of products and manufacturers • Databases for comparison of products and shortcomings found • 100% electronic in-house document handling • seek to communicate electronically with all co-operating partners • Use of different testhouses to find best practice and save money

  30. At national level we have 5 levels of intervention depending of how severe the risk is. At European level there is only one level of intervention (=Notification under Article 9) and according to LVD, Member States are obliged to notify if measures are taken to limit the free circulation of goods. Procedural shortcomings

  31. Electrical safety:http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/electr_equipment/lv/index.htm Standards:http://www.cenelec.org and http://www.iec.ch Danish Authorities:http://www.elraadet.dk Where to find more information