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Improving Agricultural PM 10 Emission Estimates in California

This study by Dale Shimp from the California Air Resources Board focuses on improving estimates of PM10 emissions from agricultural activities in California. It covers comprehensive emission estimates from various sources like field operations, wind-blown dust, and farm equipment exhaust. The study highlights the importance of accurate data on activity rates and emission factors to refine emission estimates, emphasizing continual improvement strategies. The research aims to enhance the overall understanding and monitoring of PM10 emissions in the agricultural sector.

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Improving Agricultural PM 10 Emission Estimates in California

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  1. Improving Agricultural PM10Emission Estimates in California Dale Shimp California Air Resources Board December 1, 1997 dshimp@arb.ca.gov 916-324-7156

  2. Emission Inventory • Comprehensive Estimates of Emissions from Air Pollution Sources • Point, Area, and Mobile Sources • Based on Typical Local Conditions • ARB & District Cooperative Effort • Continual Improvements

  3. Estimation of Emissions • Emission Factor (EF) • Emissions per unit of activity (i.e., lbs/PM10 per acre tilled) • Activity Data (Process Rate, PR) • Vehicle Miles Traveled, Acre-Passes • Emissions • Emissions = EF x PR

  4. Particulate Matter Is... • Sand and Soil • Geologic material, dust, dirt • Soot • Combustion products, wood smoke, diesel exhaust • Secondary Particles • Formed via reactions in atmosphere of gaseous pollutants

  5. Particulate Categories • TSP - Total Suspended Particulate • PM30: particles 30 microns of less in size; mainly composed of geologic material • PM10 - particles 10 microns or less • Can be dominated by geologic dust particles or secondary particles • PM2.5 - particles 2.5 microns or less • Typically combustion products & secondary PM

  6. PM10 Emission Sources for SJV

  7. Agricultural PM10 Sourcesof Interest • Field/Orchard Operations • Wind Blown Dust • Farm Equipment Exhaust • Livestock Waste

  8. Current Agricultural Emissions Inventory • Land Preparation for All Crops • Almond/Walnut Harvesting • Cotton Harvesting • Agricultural Lands Windblown Dust • Farm Equipment Exhaust • Cattle Feedlot Dust

  9. Land Preparation • Acreage Data from California Department of Food and Agriculture • Cultivational Practices from Farmers • Emission Factors from AP-42 (U.S. EPA) • NRCS Soil Silt Data

  10. Harvesting • Acreage Data from California Department of Food and Agriculture • Cultivational Practices from Farmers • Emission Factors from UC Davis

  11. Wind Blown Dust • Land Use Data from Department of Water Resources • Soils Data from Natural Resources Conservation Service • Incorporated Crop Canopy and Irrigation Effects • ARB Estimation Methodology Adapted from USDA Soil Erosion Equation

  12. Agricultural PM10 and the Overall PM10 Inventory • Annual Emissions Deceptive • Farm Operations High in the Fall • Windblown Dust High in the Spring

  13. Monthly SJV PM10

  14. Planned Inventory Improvements • Crop and Equipment Specific Emission Factors • Additional Harvest Emissions • Livestock Emissions (Ammonia & Dust) • Further Use of GIS Based Estimates

  15. PM10 Emission Changes TSD-phg/5-27-97

  16. Crop Calendar for Cotton

  17. Seasonal Activity Profile

  18. Agricultural PM10 Meetings • Work with Farm Industry Representatives • Identify Crops to be Updated • Meet With Growers of Identified Crops • Complete Crop Calendars for All Major SJV Crops

  19. PM10 Emissions Sources for SJV

  20. PM10 Emission Changes 1106 tpd PM10 430 tpd PM10 TSD-phg/5-27-97

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