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Explosive cladding around obstacles Erik Carton PhD EPNM 2012, Strasbourg

Explosive cladding around obstacles Erik Carton PhD EPNM 2012, Strasbourg. International Thermo-nuclear Experimental Reactor ITER. ITER being build at Caderache, France. Major Radius 6.2m Plasma Minor Radius 2.0m Plasma Volume 840m 3 Plasma facing wall 850 m 2

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Explosive cladding around obstacles Erik Carton PhD EPNM 2012, Strasbourg

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  1. Explosive cladding around obstaclesErik Carton PhDEPNM 2012, Strasbourg

  2. International Thermo-nuclear Experimental Reactor ITER

  3. ITER being build at Caderache, France Major Radius 6.2m Plasma Minor Radius 2.0m Plasma Volume 840m3 Plasma facing wall 850 m2 PFW materials Be, W, C/C Plasma Current 15.0MA Toroidal Field on Axis 5.3T Fusion Power 500MW Power Amplification >10 

  4. Components that can be made using explosive processing • Vacuum Vessel parts (VV) • 60 mm thick stainless steel 316 L (IG) • Plasma facing wall and divertor • Be and W on Cu (alloy) and Stainless steel • Triangular support • Cu (pure) on Stainless steel (316 IG)

  5. Triangular support (40° section)

  6. Detail of the triangular supportStainless steel 60 mm Stub key Diameter 300 mm 1000 mm 2000 mm

  7. Simulation of detonation around an obstacleAutodyn 2D VoD = 3 km/s

  8. Autodyn 2D simulation of cladding around obstacle

  9. Autodyn 2D simulation of cladding around obstacle

  10. Autodyn 2D simulation of cladding around obstacle; Virtual VoD behind obstacle

  11. Experiment: cladding around an obstacle

  12. Cladding result: non-bonding behind obstacle

  13. Potential solutions Reduce reflection using low impedance coating on stub-key Line initiation from the obstacle periphery Bi-layer explosive behind obstacle

  14. Simulation of detonation around an obstacleAutodyn 2D VoD = 3 km/s and 7 km/s Sin α = Dclad/Ddetonation cord

  15. Simulation of detonation around an obstacleAutodyn 2D VoD = 3 km/s and 7 km/s

  16. Simulation of detonation around an obstacleAutodyn 2D VoD clad = 3 km/s VoD cord = 7 km/s Ratio = 0.43

  17. Line initiation from the obstacle peripheryExperimental set-up VoD clad = 3.6 km/s VoD cord = 7 km/s Ratio = 0.5

  18. Line initiation from the obstacle peripheryExperimental result

  19. Bi-layer explosive behind the obstacleExperimental result using detonation cord (VoD= 7 km/s)

  20. Cladding around 3 obstaclesExperimental set-up using powder explosives Cladding explosive D=2.2 km/s Detonation cord D=7 km/s Powder explosive D=5.5 km/s

  21. Bi-layer explosive behind the obstacleExperimental result using 5.5 km/s powder explosive VoD clad = 2.2 km/s VoD powd = 5.5 km/s Ratio = 0.4

  22. Conclusions Cladding around one (or more) obstacle is possible Solution 1: Line initiation (radial detonation from the obstacle) Real line initiations are not easily obtained Solution 2: Bi-layer explosive Best for round obstacles Minimizes detached zone area Enables multiple obstacle passage!

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